The relationship between maximum heart rate in a cardiorespiratory fitness test and in a maximum heart rate test

Berglund, I.; Sørås, Sara Elisabeth; Relling, Bård Even; Lundgren, Kari Margrethe; Kiel, Ida Almenning; Moholdt, Trine

doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2018.11.018

Cited by 28 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…We used an individualized protocol to measure peak oxygen uptake (VO 2 peak) and maximal heart rate (HR max ); after 10 min warm-up and 3 min at moderate intensity, the treadmill speed or inclination was increased every 1-2 min by 0.5-1.0 km/h or 1-2% until volitional exhaustion. The recorded HR max was used to calculate the intensity for the HIT sessions (Berglund et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Absent Exercise-Induced Improvements in Fat Oxidation in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome After High-Intensity Interval Training

et al. 2021

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Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and metabolic inflexibility are linked to insulin resistance, and women with PCOS appear to be metabolic inflexible in the rested, insulin-stimulated state. Exercise training is a primary lifestyle intervention in PCOS. Exercise training improves whole-body fat oxidation during submaximal exercise in healthy women, yet little is known about the effect on this outcome in women with PCOS.Methods: We measured whole-body fat oxidation rates during sub maximal exercise before and after 16 weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIT) in women with PCOS randomly allocated to either: low- or high-volume HIT (n = 41; low-volume HIT, 10 × 1 min work bouts at maximal, sustainable intensity and high-volume HIT, 4 × 4 min work bouts at 90–95% of maximal heart rate) or non-exercise control (n = 23), and in women without PCOS (Non-PCOS) allocated to low- or high volume HIT (n = 15). HIT was undertaken three times weekly. In a subset of women with and without PCOS, we measured mitochondrial respiration in abdominal and gluteal subcutaneous adipose tissue using high-resolution respirometry, as well as fat cell sizes in these tissues.Results: At baseline, women with PCOS had lower whole-body fat oxidation and mitochondrial respiration rates in abdominal adipose tissue compared to Non-PCOS. Peak oxygen uptake (mL/min/kg) increased in women with PCOS (~4%, p = 0.006) and Non-PCOS (~6%, p = 0.003) after 16 weeks of HIT. Whole-body fat oxidation only improved in Non-PCOS after HIT. No changes were observed in mitochondrial respiration and cell size in abdominal and gluteal adipose tissue after HIT in either group of women.Conclusion: We observed exercise-induced improvements in whole-body fat oxidation during submaximal exercise in Non-PCOS, but not in women with PCOS, after 16 weeks of HIT, suggesting metabolic inflexibility in women with PCOS.Clinical Trial Registration:www.clinicaltrials.gov, identifier NCT02419482 and NCT02943291.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Absent Exercise-Induced Improvements in Fat Oxidation in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome After High-Intensity Interval Training

et al. 2021

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“…Generally, HR can reflect an individual's physical fitness and exercise intensity. In a standard CRF test, the HR of a non-athlete is normally close to the age-predicted maximum HR [33]. An individual with a higher CRF level has a lower baseline HR and shorter HR recovery time following a cardiopulmonary exercise test [34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Validation of 3 Min Incremental Step-In-Place Test for Predicting Maximal Oxygen Uptake in Home Settings: A Submaximal Exercise Study to Assess Cardiorespiratory Fitness

Chang

Chung

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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The purpose of this research was to develop the 3 min incremental step-in-place (3MISP) test for predicting maximal oxygen uptake (V•O2max). A total of 205 adults (20–64 years) completed the 3MISP and V•O2max tests. Using age, gender, body composition (BC) including percent body fat (PBF) or body mass index (BMI), and with or without heart rate (HR) at the beginning of exercise (HR0) or difference between HR at the third minute during the exercise and the first minute post exercise (ΔHR3 − HR4) in the 3MISP test, six V•O2max prediction models were derived from multiple linear regression. Age (r = −0.239), gender (r = 0.430), BMI (r = −0.191), PBF (r = −0.706), HR0 (r = −0.516), and ΔHR3 − HR4 (r = 0.563) were significantly correlated to V•O2max. Among the six V•O2max prediction models, the PBF model∆HR3 − HR4 has the highest accuracy. The simplest models with age, gender, and PBF/BMI explained 54.5% of the V•O2max in the PBF modelBC and 39.8% of that in the BMI modelBC. The addition of HR0 and ∆HR3 − HR4 increases the variance of V•O2max explained by the PBF and BMI models∆HR3 − HR4 by 17.98% and 45.23%, respectively, while standard errors of estimate decrease by 10.73% and 15.61%. These data demonstrate that the models established using 3MISP-HR data can enhance the accuracy of V•O2max prediction.

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“…However, the ability to reach physical parameters is reported to be independent of physical training status [17]. By contrast, Berglund et al [18] speculate that fit individuals are better at pushing themselves to exhaustion than unfit individuals. Athletes at a lower physical activation level would probably have greater difficulty with a submaximal test after a maximal test in one test session.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Does the Order of Submaximal Lactate Threshold and Maximal Oxygen Uptake Testing Influence Test Outcomes?

Torvik

Tillaar

Iversen

2020

Sports

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The aim of this study was to investigate if the order of submaximal lactate threshold and maximal oxygen uptake testing would influence test outcomes. Twelve well-trained male cross-country skiers (mean age 19.6 years) performed two test sessions within a week in a within-subjects repeated measures with cross-over design study. A maximal oxygen uptake test (VO2max) followed by a lactate threshold (LT) test and vice versa, were performed. The test data included VO2, blood lactate (La-b), heart rate (HR), performance speed, Borg scale (RPE) at all stages and lactate accumulation throughout the whole test protocol including the breaks. No significant effect of testing order was found for: VO2max (74.23 vs. 73.91 mL∙min−1∙kg−1), maximal HR (190.7 vs. 189.9 bpm) and speed at LT during uphill running. Three out of four common definitions of LT resulted in the same La-b at the last two steps, 11 and 12 km/h respectively, in the two protocols. It is worth noting that VO2, HR and La-b were higher in the first two stages of the LT test when VO2max was tested first in the protocol. Well-trained cross-country skiers conclusively attained a similar VO2max and LT in both protocols, and the two tests did not seem to influence each other in terms of the degree of exhaustion that occurs in a single VO2max or an incremental LT test. However, when using a curvilinear function to define the LT, it is important to know that the VO2max test can influence levels of VO2, HR and La-b at the first two stages of the LT test.

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The relationship between maximum heart rate in a cardiorespiratory fitness test and in a maximum heart rate test

Cited by 28 publications

References 20 publications

Absent Exercise-Induced Improvements in Fat Oxidation in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome After High-Intensity Interval Training

Absent Exercise-Induced Improvements in Fat Oxidation in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome After High-Intensity Interval Training

Development and Validation of 3 Min Incremental Step-In-Place Test for Predicting Maximal Oxygen Uptake in Home Settings: A Submaximal Exercise Study to Assess Cardiorespiratory Fitness

Does the Order of Submaximal Lactate Threshold and Maximal Oxygen Uptake Testing Influence Test Outcomes?

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