The relationship between monoaminergic gene expression, learning, and optimism in red junglefowl chicks

Boddington, Robert; Dunlop, Clara A. Gómez; Garnham, Laura; Ryding, Sara; Abbey-Lee, Robin N.; Kreshchenko, Anastasia; Løvlie, Hanne

doi:10.1007/s10071-020-01394-z

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…A recent study by Boddington and collaborators suggested that individual differences in biased cognition can be partially explained by variations in brain gene expression [59]. They analyzed the expression of several dopaminergic and serotonergic genes in the prefrontal cortex of red junglefowls and reported that chicks with higher dopamine D 1 receptor expression were more optimistic, while chicks with higher serotonin 5-HT 2A receptor expression tended to be less optimistic.…”

Section: Pessimistic Judgment Biasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuromolecular Underpinnings of Negative Cognitive Bias in Depression

Noworyta-Sokołowska

Cieślik

Ryguła

2021

Cells

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This selective review aims to summarize the recent advances in understanding the neuromolecular underpinnings of biased cognition in depressive disorder. We begin by considering the cognitive correlates of depressed mood and the key brain systems implicated in its development. We then review the core findings across two domains of biased cognitive function in depression: pessimistic judgment bias and abnormal response to negative feedback. In considering their underlying substrates, we focus on the neurochemical mechanisms identified by genetic, molecular and pharmacological challenge studies. We conclude by discussing experimental approaches to the treatment of depression, which are derived largely from an improved understanding of its cognitive substrates.

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Section: Pessimistic Judgment Biasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuromolecular Underpinnings of Negative Cognitive Bias in Depression

Noworyta-Sokołowska

Cieślik

Ryguła

2021

Cells

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“…All chicks were tested individually, had previously taken part in behavioral studies, and were habituated to human handling and temporary isolation during testing (Boddington et al, 2020;.…”

Section: Experimental Set-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further, the expression of specific genes appears to be linked to more than one behavioral trait. For example, gene expression of DRD1 and DRD2 is associated with different aspects of behavior in red junglefowl (optimistic behavior: Boddington et al, 2020;impulsive behavior: Ryding et al, 2021). However, the relationship between D1 and D2 receptors and boldness, activity, and exploration is, as far as we find, not yet explored.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Relationship Between Boldness, Activity, Exploration and Monoaminergic Gene Expression in Red Junglefowl Chicks

Lundgren¹,

Dunlop²,

Garnham³

et al. 2021

AB&C

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Why individuals differ in behavioral responses has received intense research attention (particularly in the context of animal personality), and has typically focused on describing variation in boldness, activity, and exploration. Nevertheless, the mechanisms underlying this behavioral variation remain largely unknown. Variation in these behaviors is likely influenced by genetic differences between individuals, with genes in the monoaminergic systems commonly implicated. When examining the link between variation in boldness, activity and exploration and genes, studies have focused on different monoaminergic systems (mainly serotonergic and dopaminergic), and predominantly on mammals and passerine birds. Therefore, to replicate this general approach and examine if genes from these systems are linked to boldness, activity, and exploration, we exposed red junglefowl chicks (Gallus gallus) to behavioral assays (measuring boldness, activity, exploration) before analyzing prefrontal cortex gene expression of several dopaminergic (DRD1, DRD2) and serotonergic genes (TPH, 5HT2A, 5HT2B, 5HT2C, 5HT1B). We observed no relationships between our measured behaviors and gene expression. Together with previous studies, our results suggest that a clear link between boldness, activity and exploration and monoaminergic gene variation is lacking. We, therefore, suggest that this is due to differences among studies (e.g., methodological differences), or that the nature of the relationship between these behaviors and monoaminergic systems is more species-specific, and/or more complex than so far assumed.

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“…Red junglefowl naturally form social hierarchies in which high ranking individuals produce more offspring (Collias et al 1994), forage on food which can be patchily distributed and vary in ease of access (e.g., seeds, fruits, and invertebrates, Collias and Collias 1967), and are a prey species in their natural habitat (Evans et al 1993;Schaller 1984Borah et al 2009). This, along with that red junglefowl are increasingly used for behavioral and cognitive studies (e.g., Boddington et al 2020, Rubene and Løvlie 2021, reviewed in Garnham and Løvlie 2018, made them ideal for this study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in inhibitory control does not influence social rank, foraging efficiency, or risk taking, in red junglefowl females

2022

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Individual variation in cognition, seen in many taxa, is not well understood, despite its potential evolutionary consequences. Inhibitory control is an aspect of cognition which differs between individuals. However, how selection could act on this variation remains unclear. First, individual consistency over time of behaviours affected by inhibitory control, and how these behaviours relate to each other, is not well understood. Second, consequences in ecologically relevant contexts of variation in behaviours affected by inhibitory control, are scarcely investigated. Therefore, we explored the temporal consistency and inter-relatedness of two behaviours influenced by inhibitory control (impulsive action and persistence) and how these link to social rank, foraging efficiency, and risk taking in adult female red junglefowl (Gallus gallus). We measured impulsive action in a detour test, and persistence in both a detour test and a foraging test. Impulsive action and persistence, measured in a detour test, were moderately consistent over time, and positively correlated. This implies that selection could act on inhibitory control via these behaviours, and selection on one behaviour could affect the other. However, we found no evidence of links between inhibitory control and social rank, foraging efficiency, or risk taking. This implies that selection may not act on inhibitory control via these measures, and that, in general, there may be a lack of strong selection on inhibitory control. This, in turn, could help explain individual variation in this aspect of cognition. Future research should explore the specificity of when inhibitory control has implications for individuals, and continue to investigate how variation in cognitive traits influences how individuals behave in contexts with potential evolutionary implications.

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The relationship between monoaminergic gene expression, learning, and optimism in red junglefowl chicks

Cited by 12 publications

References 87 publications

Neuromolecular Underpinnings of Negative Cognitive Bias in Depression

Neuromolecular Underpinnings of Negative Cognitive Bias in Depression

Exploring the Relationship Between Boldness, Activity, Exploration and Monoaminergic Gene Expression in Red Junglefowl Chicks

Variation in inhibitory control does not influence social rank, foraging efficiency, or risk taking, in red junglefowl females

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