The Relationship Between Periodontal Disease And Blood Glucose Level Among Type II Diabetic Patients

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between periodontal disease and the blood glucose level among type II non-insulin dependent diabetic mellitus (NIDDM) subjects. Forty subjects, 20 in each group, of healthy and diabetic subjects, ages ranged 20-70 years, were examined at King Saud University, College of Dentistry. Clinical examination included frequency of oral hygiene practices, periodontal status by using the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN), fasting blood glucose level (FBGL), and random blood glucose level (RBGL). Unstandardized orthopantomograms (OPGs) were taken for radiographic findings. The number of missing teeth (tooth loss) was assessed from the radiographs. The results showed that periodontal disease severity was high among diabetic subjects. Diabetic subjects brushed less frequently, and they had a higher blood glucose level than healthy subjects. The mean CPITN score was compared with mean blood glucose level and the severity of periodontal disease. There was a steady increase in blood glucose level with increase in CPITN scores, i.e., CPITN score 13.5 to 19.12 corresponded with 142 mg/dl and 173.2 mg/dl FBGL, and 184.2 and 199.12 mg/dl RBGL among diabetic subjects. The study indicated that diabetic subjects should improve their oral hygiene practices and control of blood glucose levels should be emphasized. Further studies are needed among diabetics and healthy subjects from the general population with better sampling techniques and a larger sample size.

A cross-sectional survey to study the relationship of periodontal disease with cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease, and diabetes mellitus

“…This was in accordance with various studies by Emrich et al .,[12] Tervenon and Oliver,[28] Cerda et al .,[29] Morton et al .,[30] Novaes et al .,[31] Soskolne,[32] Grossi and Genco,[13] Almas et al .,[33] Campus et al .,[34] Mealey and Oates,[35] and Apoorva et al . [36]…”

Effect of diabetes on periodontal status of a population with poor oral health

“…A Saudi study has shown that 81% of those in the diabetic patient group had 9Á20 missing teeth compared to 19% in the non-diabetic group [13]. Kawamura and co-workers [10] showed that diabetic patients had 6.7 missing teeth compared to 4.3 teeth in the control group.…”

“…More missing teeth among diabetic patients seems to be characteristic of a population with poor oral hygiene [13]. A Saudi study has shown that 81% of those in the diabetic patient group had 9Á20 missing teeth compared to 19% in the non-diabetic group [13].…”

Prevalence and severity of periodontal disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus (non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus) patients in Bangalore city: An epidemiological study

“…They concluded that the Glycosylated hemoglobin test was more reliable than the fasting glucose analysis. [7] In a study by Almas et al in 2001 at the King Saud University, College of Dentistry, 40 subjects were examined, 20 in each group of healthy and diabetic subjects, with ages ranging from 20 to 70 years. It was observed that the severity of periodontal disease increased with the increase in the blood glucose level.…”