The relationship between predisposing factors, premorbid function and symptom dimensions in psychosis: an integrated approach

Guerra, Almudena; Fearon, Paul; Sham, Pak C.; Jones, Peter; Lewis, Shôn; Mata, Ignacio; Murray, Robin M.

doi:10.1016/s0924-9338(02)00685-5

Cited by 24 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The manic dimension was observed to be significantly associated with most of the variables when diagnosis was controlled for : acute mode of onset ; compulsory admission ; higher pre-morbid IQ ; less neurological soft signs ; and shorter DUP. These findings are in general agreement with previous publications (McIntosh et al 2001 ;Wickham et al 2001 ;Guerra et al 2002).…”

Section: Associations Of Symptom Dimensions With Risk Indicators and supporting

confidence: 94%

“…In the attempt to establish validity of dimensions, authors have examined associations of identified dimensions with different sociodemographic and clinical parameters (Mellers et al 1996 ;Wickham et al 2001 ;Guerra et al 2002). In addition, it has been shown that psychopathological dimensions have distinct genetic and neurocognitive correlates (Norman et al 1997 ;Cardno et al 2001 ;Guerra et al 2002 ;Rietkerk et al 2008). Studies exploring associations of categorical and dimensional models with different clinical parameters have reported the superiority of dimensions over diagnostic categories at predicting clinical course, outcome and treatment response (Van Os et al 1996 ;Peralta et al 2002 ;Rosenman et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Combining dimensional and categorical representation of psychosis: the way forward for DSM-V and ICD-11?

Demjaha

Morgan

et al. 2009

Psychol. Med.

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Section: Associations Of Symptom Dimensions With Risk Indicators and supporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining dimensional and categorical representation of psychosis: the way forward for DSM-V and ICD-11?

Demjaha

Morgan

et al. 2009

Psychol. Med.

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“…(162) conducted a retrospective evaluation of the premorbid functioning of 28 adolescents with bipolar disorder by reviewing their school records, and reported that approximately 67% of the sample evinced good to excellent academic achievement prior to their illness. These data are supported by more recent studies (163, 164) finding that a premorbid group of non‐psychotic bipolar patients did not differ from unaffected controls on any measure of intellectual functioning; and that neither mania nor depression was associated with childhood dysfunction. A cohort of 60 bipolar offspring was reported to demonstrate a good level of functioning as evinced by the Global Assessment of Functioning (76 ± 12), and the Wide Range Achievement Test, a measure of academic performance (165).…”

Section: Evidence For Neurocognitive Dysfunction As a Premorbid Congsupporting

confidence: 70%

Neuropsychological dysfunction in bipolar affective disorder: a critical opinion

Savitz¹,

Solms

Ramesar³

2005

Bipolar Disorders

159

125

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Data from the imaging literature have led to suggestions that permanent structural brain changes may be associated with bipolar disorder. Individuals diagnosed with bipolar disorder display deficits on a range of neuropsychological tasks in both the acute and euthymic phases of illness, and correlations between experienced number of affective episodes and task performance are commonly reported. These findings have renewed interest in the neuropsychological profile of individuals with bipolar disorder, with deficits of attention, learning and memory, and executive function, asserted to be present. This paper critically reviews five different potential causes of neurocognitive dysfunction in bipolar disorder: (i) iatrogenic, (ii) acute functional changes associated with depression or mania, (iii) permanent structural lesions of a neurodegenerative origin, (iv) permanent structural lesions that are neurodevelopmental in origin, and (v) permanent functional changes that are most likely genetic in origin. Although the potential cognitive effects of residual symptomatology and long-term medication use cannot be entirely excluded, we conclude that functional changes associated with genetically driven population variation in critical neural networks underpin both the neurocognitive and affective symptoms of bipolar disorder. The philosophical implications of this conclusion for neuropsychology are briefly discussed.

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“…However, 22.9% of individuals in this study who developed bipolar disorder with psychotic features showed evidence of premorbid cognitive impairment. Yet several studies have failed to find premorbid IQ deficits in bipolar disorder with psychotic features (Guerra et al 2002; Simonsen et al 2011; Zanelli et al 2010). Mixed evidence also comes from a study finding that both low and high scholastic performance are associated with risk for developing bipolar disorder with psychotic features (MacCabe et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive Deficits in Psychotic Disorders: A Lifespan Perspective

Karcher²,

2018

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Individuals with disorders that include psychotic symptoms (i.e. psychotic disorders) experience broad cognitive impairments in the chronic state, indicating a dimension of abnormality associated with the experience of psychosis. These impairments negatively impact functional outcome, contributing to the disabling nature of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and psychotic depression. The robust and reliable nature of cognitive deficits has led researchers to explore the timing and profile of impairments, as this may elucidate different neurodevelopmental patterns in individuals who experience psychosis. Here, we review the literature on cognitive deficits across the life span of individuals with psychotic disorder and psychotic-like experiences, highlighting the dimensional nature of both psychosis and cognitive ability. We identify premorbid generalized cognitive impairment in schizophrenia that worsens throughout development, and stabilizes by the first-episode of psychosis, suggesting a neurodevelopmental course. Research in affective psychosis is less clear, with mixed evidence regarding premorbid deficits, but a fairly reliable generalized deficit at first-episode, which appears to worsen into the chronic state. In general, cognitive impairments are most severe in schizophrenia, intermediate in bipolar disorder, and the least severe in psychotic depression. In all groups, cognitive deficits are associated with functional outcome. Finally, while the generalized deficit is the clearest and most reliable signal, data suggests specific deficits in verbal memory across all groups, specific processing speed impairments in schizophrenia and executive functioning impairments in bipolar disorder. Cognitive deficits are a core feature of psychotic disorders that provide a window into understanding developmental course and risk for psychosis.

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The relationship between predisposing factors, premorbid function and symptom dimensions in psychosis: an integrated approach

Cited by 24 publications

References 32 publications

Combining dimensional and categorical representation of psychosis: the way forward for DSM-V and ICD-11?

Combining dimensional and categorical representation of psychosis: the way forward for DSM-V and ICD-11?

Neuropsychological dysfunction in bipolar affective disorder: a critical opinion

Cognitive Deficits in Psychotic Disorders: A Lifespan Perspective

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