The Relationship Between Propulsive Force in Tethered Swimming and 200-m Front Crawl Performance

Santos, Karini Borges dos; Bento, Paulo César Baraúce; Pereira, Gléber; Rodacki, André Luíz Félix

doi:10.1519/jsc.0000000000000410

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Our swimmers presented similar but independent contralateral symmetry during swimming and dryland testing. The very strong relationship between isokinetic and tethered forces supports the assertion that isokinetic ones are related to swimming performance and reinforced that the 30 s tethered swimming test is a good predictor of swimming performance [6,17]. Swimmers showed a similar force production between preferred and nonpreferred body sides (both in tethered front crawl and backstroke swimming) and isokinetic tests (Table 2; p = 0.18 to 0.97).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…Analyzing swimmers' force production should be a priority in their training control and research, as an effective propulsion is fundamental for competitive success [1][2][3]. For this purpose, tethered swimming has been one of the most frequently used methods, yielding substantial associations between tethered forces and swimming performance in sprint events [4][5][6]. These studies underpin the notion that movements used in training and testing should be mechanically similar to those used in competition [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In-Water and On-Land Swimmers’ Symmetry and Force Production

Carvalho

Soares

Zacca

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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Although performance and biomechanical evaluations are becoming more swimming-specific, dryland testing permits monitoring of a larger number of performance-related variables. However, as the degree of comparability of measurements conducted in-water and on land conditions is unclear, we aimed to assess the differences between force production in these two different conditions. Twelve elite swimmers performed a 30 s tethered swimming test and four isokinetic tests (shoulder and knee extension at 90 and 300°/s) to assess peak force, peak and average torque, and power symmetry index. We observed contralateral symmetry in all the tests performed, e.g., for 30 s tethered swimming and peak torque shoulder extension at 90°/s: 178 ± 50 vs. 183 ± 56 N (p = 0.38) and 95 ± 37 vs. 94 ± 35 N × m (p = 0.52). Moderate to very large direct relationships were evident between dryland testing and swimming force production (r = 0.62 to 0.96; p < 0.05). Swimmers maintained similar symmetry index values independently of the testing conditions (r = −0.06 to −0.41 and 0.04 to 0.44; p = 0.18–0.88). Asymmetries in water seems to be more related to technical constraints than muscular imbalances, but swimmers that displayed higher propulsive forces were the ones with greater force values on land. Thus, tethered swimming and isokinetic evaluations are useful for assessing muscular imbalances regarding propulsive force production and technical asymmetries.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-Water and On-Land Swimmers’ Symmetry and Force Production

Carvalho

Soares

Zacca

et al. 2019

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For such purposes, researchers and coaches have been widely using tethered swimming to measure/quantify the net forces throughout the stroke cycle, due to its specificity and sensitivity on monitoring swimming training adaptations, without significant changes in stroke and physiological responses compared to free-swimming [17,41]. For instance, it has recently been shown that peak force in tethered swimming is moderately correlated (r = 0.61) with 200-m crawl swimming performance [48]. Higher correlations are expected when shorter distances are used, as neuromuscular abilities (i. e., maximum muscle strength and power) predominate over aerobic endurance.…”

Section: Introduction ▼mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Correlational Analysis of Tethered Swimming, Swim Sprint Performance and Dry-land Power Assessments

Loturco¹,

Barbosa

Nocentini³

et al. 2015

Int J Sports Med

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Swimmers are often tested on both dry-land and in swimming exercises. The aim of this study was to test the relationships between dry-land, tethered force-time curve parameters and swimming performances in distances up to 200?m. 10 young male high-level swimmers were assessed using the maximal isometric bench-press and quarter-squat, mean propulsive power in jump-squat, squat and countermovement jumps (dry-land assessments), peak force, average force, rate of force development (RFD) and impulse (tethered swimming) and swimming times. Pearson product-moment correlations were calculated among the variables. Peak force and average force were very largely correlated with the 50- and 100-m swimming performances (r=??0.82 and ?0.74, respectively). Average force was very-largely/largely correlated with the 50- and 100-m performances (r=??0.85 and ?0.67, respectively). RFD and impulse were very-largely correlated with the 50-m time (r=??0.72 and ?0.76, respectively). Tethered swimming parameters were largely correlated (r=0.65 to 0.72) with mean propulsive power in jump-squat, squat-jump and countermovement jumps. Finally, mean propulsive power in jump-squat was largely correlated (r=??0.70) with 50-m performance. Due to the significant correlations between dry-land assessments and tethered/actual swimming, coaches are encouraged to implement strategies able to increase leg power in sprint swimmers.

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“…Neste tocante, foram encontrados diversos artigos tratando da força, dentre eles devese citar a contribuição relativa da força dos braços e pernas na natação amarrada (TOR; PEASE; BALL, 2015), além de estudos sobre as taxas de força de braçada do nado amarrado (SANTOS et al, 2016). Em outro trabalho, com nado amarrado, o objetivo foi identificar as relações entre desempenho competitivo e forças de amarração de acordo com a distância, nos quatro nados, e analisar se os valores relativos da produção de força são mais determinantes do desempenho da natação que os valores absolutos.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Forças internas que afetam o nadador: Uma revisão sistemática

Pinto¹,

Chirolli²,

Soares³

et al. 2019

Revista Científica Multidisciplinar Núcleo do Conhecimento

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A velocidade na natação é determinada por fatores biomecânicos e bioenergéticos, sendo necessária a modulação da quantidade de força produzida pelo nadador. O entendimento dos custos mecânicos e da geração de energia nos movimentos 1 Doutorado em andamento em Ciências do Movimento Humano. Mestrado em Ciências do Movimento Humano. Mestrado em Biologia de Fungos, Algas e Plantas. Graduação em Educação Física. Graduação em Engenharia de Aquicultura. 2 Graduação em andamento em Fisioterapia. 3 Mestrado em andamento em Ciências do Movimento Humano. Graduação em Educação Física. 4 Doutorado em Ciências do Desporto. Mestrado em Ciências do Movimento Humano.

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The Relationship Between Propulsive Force in Tethered Swimming and 200-m Front Crawl Performance

Cited by 19 publications

References 18 publications

In-Water and On-Land Swimmers’ Symmetry and Force Production

In-Water and On-Land Swimmers’ Symmetry and Force Production

A Correlational Analysis of Tethered Swimming, Swim Sprint Performance and Dry-land Power Assessments

Forças internas que afetam o nadador: Uma revisão sistemática

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