The relationship between sea ice break-up, water mass variation, chlorophyll biomass, and sedimentation in the northern Bering Sea

Cooper, Lee W.; Janout, Markus; Frey, Karen E.; Pirtle-Levy, Rebecca; Guarinello, Marisa L.; Grebmeier, Jacqueline M.; Lovvorn, James R.

doi:10.1016/j.dsr2.2012.02.002

Cited by 47 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…In contrast, summer SCM are prevalent in the northern Bering Sea due to a thicker pycnocline that provides a subsurface habitat with sufficient light for SCM development [ Stabeno et al . ; Cooper et al ., ]. Overall, the impact of not capturing the SCM is likely to be minimal; it should only affect our reported NPP numbers in the summer after surface nutrients are exhausted, and then only in the northern Bering Sea.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Sea ice impacts on spring bloom dynamics and net primary production in the Eastern Bering Sea

Brown

Arrigo

2013

JGR Oceans

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[1] In the Eastern Bering Sea, changes in sea ice have been implicated in recent major upper-trophic level shifts. However, the underlying relationships between sea ice and primary producers have not been well tested. Here, we combine data from multiple satellite platforms, reanalysis model results and biophysical moorings to explore the dynamics of spring and summer primary production in relation to sea ice conditions. In the northern Bering Sea, sea ice consistently retreated in late spring, leading to ice-edge phytoplankton blooms in cold (0-1 C) waters. However, in the southeastern Bering Sea, sea ice retreat was far more irregular. Although this did not significantly alter bloom timing, late retreat led to blooms at the ice-edge while early retreat led to blooms in open waters that were warmer (≤5.4 C) and >70% more productive. Early sea ice retreat also led to higher productivity in summer, likely due to weaker thermal stratification. Overall, annual net primary production during warm years of early sea ice retreat was enhanced by 40-50% compared to years with late sea ice retreat in the southeastern Bering Sea. These findings suggest the potential for future sea ice loss to enhance overall carrying capacity of the southeastern Bering Sea ecosystem. Consistently warm blooms in the future may also channel more energy flow toward the pelagic, rather than benthic, environment. To date, however, neither sea ice extent nor the timing of its retreat have undergone long-term changes in the Eastern Bering Sea.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Sea ice impacts on spring bloom dynamics and net primary production in the Eastern Bering Sea

Brown

Arrigo

2013

JGR Oceans

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“…1), concentration 4 and thickness 8,9 in the Arctic 10 interacts with atmospheric and oceanic forcings via ice-albedo and ice-insulation feedbacks to amplify regional warming and stimulate further ice loss 4 . The main focus of ecological repercussions of projected sea ice loss has been on pagophillic species, whose dynamics have already been perturbed by diminishing sea ice cover 3,5,[11][12][13][14][15][16] . In contrast, indirect weather-mediated effects of continued ice loss on terrestrial species are less clear.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancing plant phenology and reduced herbivore production in a terrestrial system associated with sea ice decline

Kerby

Post

2013

Nat Commun

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The contribution of declining Arctic sea ice to warming in the region through Arctic amplification suggests that sea ice decline has the potential to influence ecological dynamics in terrestrial Arctic systems. Empirical evidence for such effects is limited, however, particularly at the local population and community levels. Here we identify an Arctic sea ice signal in the annual timing of vegetation emergence at an inland tundra system in West Greenland. According to the time series analyses presented here, an ongoing advance in plant phenology at this site is attributable to the accelerating decline in Arctic sea ice, and contributes to declining large herbivore reproductive performance via trophic mismatch. Arctic-wide sea ice metrics consistently outperform other regional and local abiotic variables in models characterizing these dynamics, implicating large-scale Arctic sea ice decline as a potentially important, albeit indirect, contributor to local-scale ecological dynamics on land.

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“…However, during our cruises, chlorophyll concentrations in the top 5e6 m were often far lower than those at greater depths, with chlorophyll maxima commonly occurring at depths of 20e40 m ( Fig. 10 in Cooper et al, 2012). Our estimates of trophic demand indicate that calculations based on satellite imagery may underestimate annual primary production by 50% or more.…”

Section: Estimated Inputs Of Fresh Microalgaementioning

confidence: 65%

“…There were no measurements for our study area of the biomasses of meiofauna, protists, or bacteria; values we used were based on surveys of the literature for soft sediments (see Supplementary Material). For the top 1 cm of sediments, standing stocks of chlorophyll a and total organic C were measured at each station (Grebmeier and Cooper, 1995;Cooper et al, 2012), and chlorophyll a was converted to gC of fresh microalgae (see Supplementary Material). Resulting values of the biomass of fresh microalgae were subtracted from total organic carbon in sediments to yield biomass of sediment organic matter.…”

Section: Study Area Trophic Groups and Biomassesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling spatial patterns of limits to production of deposit-feeders and ectothermic predators in the northern Bering Sea

Lovvorn

Jacob²,

North

et al. 2015

Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science

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The relationship between sea ice break-up, water mass variation, chlorophyll biomass, and sedimentation in the northern Bering Sea

Cited by 47 publications

References 36 publications

Sea ice impacts on spring bloom dynamics and net primary production in the Eastern Bering Sea

Sea ice impacts on spring bloom dynamics and net primary production in the Eastern Bering Sea

Advancing plant phenology and reduced herbivore production in a terrestrial system associated with sea ice decline

Modeling spatial patterns of limits to production of deposit-feeders and ectothermic predators in the northern Bering Sea

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