The Relationship Between Simple Renal Cysts and Renal Function in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

Wei, Ling; Xiao, Ying; Xiong, Xiaofen; Li, Li; Yang, Yuan; Han, Yachun; Zhao, Hao; Yang, Ming; Sun, Liang

doi:10.3389/fphys.2020.616167

Cited by 7 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“… 19 , 38 , 39 In a recent study, SRCs were associated with worse renal function in patients with T2D, age, gout, proteinuria, cerebrovascular disease (CVD), and increased serum phosphorus levels. 15 Consistently, another study demonstrated that hyperuricemia was the critical risk factor for SRCs in T2D. 28 In our study, we also observed a decreased iGFR and eGFR in T2D patients with SRCs, but our analyses showed that the volume of SRCs was not associated with the eGFR or iGFR level, and it did not significantly affect the split kidney function.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Thereafter, we evaluated the general characteristics and kidney function between these two groups and observed significant differences in the BMI, eGFR, and iGFR, consistent with the literature. 15 , 18 , 19 This higher BMI in T2D with cysts could be attributed to insulin resistance, hypertension, hyperuricemia induced by adipose tissue inflammation or oxidative stress, as previously reviewed in multiple studies. 20 A previous study reported that obesity prevalence is significantly higher in patients with renal cysts than in those without.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…But till now, the emerged distinct studies results reported on whether SRCs are associated with impaired renal functions are confusing due to multiple reasons. Some studies affirmed that SRCs could exacerbate the renal eGFR and other complications, 15 while others proposed that these cysts do not need further treatment when they are asymptomatic while others proposed that these cysts do not need further treatment when they are asymptomatic. 13 , 16 In the present study, we investigated whether SRCs significantly impact kidney function in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) examined by isotope glomerular filtration rate (iGFR).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relationship Between Sporadic Renal Cysts and Renal Function Detected by Isotope Renography in Type 2 Diabetes

Li¹,

Lou²,

Su³

et al. 2022

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Purpose This study aimed to reveal the relationship between the volume of sporadic renal cysts and renal function in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Materials and Methods One hundred and seventy-one patients that underwent renal imaging and other routine examinations at the Shanghai Pudong Hospital were included in this study. The Gates’ method of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was measured by 99m Tc-DTPA renal dynamic imaging in addition to the eGFR, calculated by the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation (CKD-EPI). Results Our results showed that BMI, total iGFR, and eGFR showed significant differences between patients with T2D with or without SRC (p < 0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that cyst volume was positively correlated with Scr and gender but not iGFR (p > 0.05). The total iGFR positively correlated with eGFR (r = 0.83, p < 0.0001) and negatively with Scr (r = −0.78, p < 0.0001), age (r = −0.43, p < 0.0001), duration of T2D (r = −0.25, p = 0.001), and BMI (r = −0.21, p = 0.006) but not gender (r = −0.03, p = 0.668). The multilinear regression model revealed that gender (β = 0.346, p < 0.001), iGFR (β = −0.705, p < 0.001), and serum uric acid (β = 0.195, p = 0.032) were independent predictors of Scr. Moreover, we observed a significant increase in Scr in males (p < 0.05). Finally, we found that the split kidney function reflected by iGFR and related parameters such as time to peak (PTT) and half time of excretion (excrete t1/2) did not mutually distinguish from each other significantly whether they are measured in patients with renal cysts or in those without renal cysts (p > 0.05). Conclusion Our preliminary results suggest that in T2D, SRCs may be a renal complication of diabetic nephropathy. Although we found that the patients with renal cysts may display reduced iGFR, the volume of simple cysts seems not to exacerbate renal insufficiency. Isotope renography is a useful tool to evaluate the split kidney functions in diabetic patients who acquire single-side cysts.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relationship Between Sporadic Renal Cysts and Renal Function Detected by Isotope Renography in Type 2 Diabetes

Li¹,

Lou²,

Su³

et al. 2022

DMSO

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“…To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the association of SRCs and its characteristics with metabolic syndrome with adjustments for many important cardio-metabolic variables in a relatively large population. Although the mechanism underlying the link between SRCs and metabolic syndrome is still unclear, recent studies showed that SRCs were found to be associated with an increased risk of albuminuria in young adults ( 24 ) and SRCs are also associated with worse renal function in type 2 diabetes patients ( 25 ). The negative impact of SRCs in general population of this study was similar to young adults and diabetes patients in the two studies mentioned above ( 24 , 25 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the mechanism underlying the link between SRCs and metabolic syndrome is still unclear, recent studies showed that SRCs were found to be associated with an increased risk of albuminuria in young adults ( 24 ) and SRCs are also associated with worse renal function in type 2 diabetes patients ( 25 ). The negative impact of SRCs in general population of this study was similar to young adults and diabetes patients in the two studies mentioned above ( 24 , 25 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of simple renal cysts with metabolic syndrome in adults

Shen

Sun²,

Chou³

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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Background and aimsMetabolic syndrome is common nowadays and may increase risk of hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular complications and even mortality. Renal cysts are also frequently found during routine examination. However, the relationship between simple renal cysts (SRCs) and metabolic syndrome remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association of SRCs with metabolic syndrome.MethodsA total of 16,216 subjects aged ≥18 years were enrolled in this study. SRCs were diagnosed with ultrasonography by finding: sharp, thin posterior walls, a round/oval shape, absence of internal echoes, and posterior enhancement. SRCs were categorized by number (0, 1, and ≥2) and size (<2 and ≥2 cm). Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed according to the consensus statement from the International Diabetes Federation.ResultsIn multivariate analysis, SRCs were positively related to metabolic syndrome (OR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.06–1.34). The risk of metabolic syndrome was higher for SRCs with a number ≥2 (OR: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.08–1.68) and size ≥2 cm (OR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.10–1.61). When considering the SRC number and size concomitantly, SRCs with a number ≥2/size ≥2 cm (OR: 1.42, 95% CI: 1.02–1.98) or <2/size ≥2 cm (OR: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.04–1.62) were positively related to metabolic syndrome.ConclusionsSimple renal cysts were found to be related to a higher risk of metabolic syndrome, and the association is more significant in those with larger (sizes ≥2cm) or plural (numbers ≥2) SRCs.

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Decline in measured glomerular filtration rate is associated with simple renal cyst in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes

Qiaoling,

Jingyi,

Yan

et al. 2023

J of Diabetes Invest

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Aims/IntroductionSimple renal cysts (SRC) are associated with age, hypertension and hyperuricemia, which are risk factors of renal impairment. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of SRC and its association with measured glomerular filtration rate (mGFR) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in China.MethodsA total of 3,552 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus admitted to Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital from January 2012 to December 2016 were investigated. All participants were diagnosed as SRC by color Doppler, and all participants were measured for GFR by using dynamic renal scintigraphy with technetium‐99m‐diethylene triamine peta‐acetic acid.ResultsThe prevalence of SRC was 17.4% (619 cases). Participants with SRC had significantly lower mGFR values than those without SRC (86.16 ± 26.20 vs 94.88 ± 23.98 mL/min/1.73 m2, P < 0.001). In 478 participants with unilateral renal cyst, the mGFR of the kidney affected by SRC was significantly lower than that of the unaffected kidney (43.32 ± 13.74 vs 44.18 ± 13.34 mL/min/1.73 m2, P = 0.014). The participants were divided into four groups according to the quartiles of mGFR level (≥109.50, 93.80–109.49, 76.90–93.79 and <76.90 mL/min/1.73 m2). The prevalence of SRC gradually increased with decreasing mGFR level (12.9, 13.9, 16.6 and 27.8%, respectively; P trend <0.01). After adjusting for age, sex, duration of diabetes, hypertension and other potential confounders, the logistic regression showed that SRC was an independent risk factor for impaired GFR (<60 mL/min/1.73 m2; odds ratio 1.656; 95% confidence interval 1.451–1.890, P < 0.001).ConclusionSRC is an independent risk factor for the decrease of mGFR in Chinese diabetes patients, and could affect the renal GFR measured by dynamic renal scintigraphy on the SRC side.

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The Relationship Between Simple Renal Cysts and Renal Function in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

Cited by 7 publications

References 30 publications

Relationship Between Sporadic Renal Cysts and Renal Function Detected by Isotope Renography in Type 2 Diabetes

Relationship Between Sporadic Renal Cysts and Renal Function Detected by Isotope Renography in Type 2 Diabetes

Association of simple renal cysts with metabolic syndrome in adults

Decline in measured glomerular filtration rate is associated with simple renal cyst in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes

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