The relationship between the dissolved inorganic carbon concentration and growth rate in marine phytoplankton

Clark, Darren R.; Flynn, Kevin J.

doi:10.1098/rspb.2000.1096

Cited by 107 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Cyanobacterial growth increased significantly after enrichment with CO 2 or Pi (Fig. 1), which confirms previous studies with other algae (Burkhardt & Riebesell 1997, Burkhardt et al 1999, Clark & Flynn 2000Kim et al 2006;Posselt et al 2009;Kranz et al 2010). Explanations for the rising growth in C. raciborskii might be the lowering of the requirement of light energy for the CCM or HCO 3 2 transportation at enriched CO 2 levels or providing an advantage over more constant inputs for its cellular energy transduction at elevated Pi concentrations.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Combined effects of carbon and phosphorus levels on the invasive cyanobacterium, Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii

Zeng

et al. 2012

Phycologia

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The invasive cyanobacterium, Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii, was cultured semicontinuously for 18 days at different carbon and phosphorus levels. Growth and photosynthesis were measured to study the combined effects of CO 2 and phosphorus availabilities. The results showed that enrichment of CO 2 or inorganic phosphorus (Pi) levels in the culture medium significantly increased specific growth rate (m), light-saturated photosynthesis (P m ) and photosynthetic efficiency (a), but tended to decrease dark respiratory rate (R d ), saturating irradiance for photosynthesis (E k ) and the light compensation point (E c ). However, photosynthetic responses to inorganic carbon concentration in C. raciborskii were affected by interactions between CO 2 and Pi. At high Pi concentration, elevated CO 2 significantly increased the inorganic carbon-saturated photosynthesis rate (V max ) and substrate concentration giving half-maximal photosynthetic rate [K 0.5 (DIC)], whereas at low Pi levels, elevated CO 2 slightly decreased the values of V max and K 0.5 (DIC). Additionally, enrichment with Pi significantly increased K 0.5 (DIC) and V max regardless of the CO 2 level, suggesting that Pi plays a role in photosynthetic carbon fixation in C. raciborskii. Furthermore, when C. raciborskii was batch cultured in different carbon and phosphorus concentrations for 72 h, the uptake rate of nitrogen increased with enrichment of both CO 2 and Pi, while the uptake rate of phosphorus was enhanced only by increases in Pi concentration. The results suggest that the availability of CO 2 and phosphorus have combined and independent effects on photosynthesis and nutrient uptake in C. raciborskii, reflecting that changes in environmental factors could influence the dominance of this invasive cyanobacterium. These combined effects need to be considered when generalizing this species response to changing CO 2 levels.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Combined effects of carbon and phosphorus levels on the invasive cyanobacterium, Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii

Zeng

et al. 2012

Phycologia

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“…While cell division of Emiliania huxleyi was not found to be affected by elevated CO 2 concentrations in previous studies (Buitenhuis et al, 1999;Clark and Flynn, 2000;Rost et al, 2002) a slight decrease in cell division rate with rising CO 2 was observed in this investigation. This difference may be due to the broader range of CO 2 levels applied here.…”

Section: Cell Division Rate and Diametermentioning

confidence: 64%

Short-term response of the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi to an abrupt change in seawater carbon dioxide concentrations

2010

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Abstract. The response of the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi to rising CO 2 concentrations is well documented for acclimated cultures where cells are exposed to the CO 2 treatments for several generations prior to the experiment. The exact number of generations required for acclimation to CO 2 -induced changes in seawater carbonate chemistry, however, is unknown. Here we show that Emiliania huxleyi's short-term response (26 h) after cultures (grown at 500 µatm) were abruptly exposed to changed CO 2 concentrations (∼190, 410, 800 and 1500 µatm) is similar to that obtained with acclimated cultures under comparable conditions in earlier studies. Most importantly, from the lower CO 2 levels (190 and 410 µatm) to 750 and 1500 µatm calcification decreased and organic carbon fixation increased within the first 8 to 14 h after exposing the cultures to changes in carbonate chemistry. This suggests that Emiliania huxleyi rapidly alters the rates of essential metabolical processes in response to changes in seawater carbonate chemistry, establishing a new physiological "state" (acclimation) within a matter of hours. If this relatively rapid response applies to other phytoplankton species, it may simplify interpretation of studies with natural communities (e.g. mesocosm studies and shipboard incubations), where often it is not feasible to allow for a pre-conditioning phase before starting experimental incubations.

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“…The impact of increased pCO 2 on primary production has been investigated theoretically as well as experimentally. Some authors report small, if any, effects (Clark and Flynn, 2000;Tortell et al, 2002), whereas others document a clear increase in primary production with increasing pCO 2 (Hein and Sand-Jensen, 1997;Schippers et al, 2004;Riebesell et al, 2007). The effect of seawater carbonate chemistry on photosynthesis rates thereby strongly depends on the presence and characteristics of cellular CO 2 -concentrating mechanisms (CCMs; Rost et al, 2003, Giordano et al, 2005.…”

Section: A Engel Et Al: Co 2 Increases 14 C Primary Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CO2 increases 14C primary production in an Arctic plankton community

et al. 2013

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Abstract. Responses to ocean acidification in plankton communities were studied during a CO2-enrichment experiment in the Arctic Ocean, accomplished from June to July 2010 in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard (78°56′ 2′′ N, 11°53′ 6′′ E). Enclosed in 9 mesocosms (volume: 43.9–47.6 m3), plankton was exposed to CO2 concentrations, ranging from glacial to projected mid-next-century levels. Fertilization with inorganic nutrients at day 13 of the experiment supported the accumulation of phytoplankton biomass, as indicated by two periods of high chl a concentration. This study tested for CO2 sensitivities in primary production (PP) of particulate organic carbon (PPPOC) and of dissolved organic carbon (PPDOC). Therefore, 14C-bottle incubations (24 h) of mesocosm samples were performed at 1 m depth receiving about 60% of incoming radiation. PP for all mesocosms averaged 8.06 ± 3.64 μmol C L−1 d−1 and was slightly higher than in the outside fjord system. Comparison between mesocosms revealed significantly higher PPPOC at elevated compared to low pCO2 after nutrient addition. PPDOC was significantly higher in CO2-enriched mesocosms before as well as after nutrient addition, suggesting that CO2 had a direct influence on DOC production. DOC concentrations inside the mesocosms increased before nutrient addition and more in high CO2 mesocosms. After addition of nutrients, however, further DOC accumulation was negligible and not significantly different between treatments, indicating rapid utilization of freshly produced DOC. Bacterial biomass production (BP) was coupled to PP in all treatments, indicating that 3.5 ± 1.9% of PP or 21.6 ± 12.5% of PPDOC provided on average sufficient carbon for synthesis of bacterial biomass. During the later course of the bloom, the response of 14C-based PP rates to CO2 enrichment differed from net community production (NCP) rates that were also determined during this mesocosm campaign. We conclude that the enhanced release of labile DOC during autotrophic production at high CO2 exceedingly stimulated activities of heterotrophic microorganisms. As a consequence, increased PP induced less NCP, as suggested earlier for carbon-limited microbial systems in the Arctic.

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The relationship between the dissolved inorganic carbon concentration and growth rate in marine phytoplankton

Cited by 107 publications

References 56 publications

Combined effects of carbon and phosphorus levels on the invasive cyanobacterium, Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii

Combined effects of carbon and phosphorus levels on the invasive cyanobacterium, Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii

Short-term response of the coccolithophore <i>Emiliania huxleyi</i> to an abrupt change in seawater carbon dioxide concentrations

CO<sub>2</sub> increases <sup>14</sup>C primary production in an Arctic plankton community

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The relationship between the dissolved inorganic carbon concentration and growth rate in marine phytoplankton

Cited by 107 publications

References 56 publications

Combined effects of carbon and phosphorus levels on the invasive cyanobacterium, Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii

Combined effects of carbon and phosphorus levels on the invasive cyanobacterium, Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii

Short-term response of the coccolithophore &lt;i&gt;Emiliania huxleyi&lt;/i&gt; to an abrupt change in seawater carbon dioxide concentrations

CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; increases &lt;sup&gt;14&lt;/sup&gt;C primary production in an Arctic plankton community

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Short-term response of the coccolithophore <i>Emiliania huxleyi</i> to an abrupt change in seawater carbon dioxide concentrations

CO<sub>2</sub> increases <sup>14</sup>C primary production in an Arctic plankton community