The relationship between the performance of soil conditions and damage following an earthquake: a case study in Istanbul, Turkey

İnce, G. Ç.

doi:10.5194/nhess-11-1745-2011

Cited by 16 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…and 1885 C.E. The 1894 M w 7.3 earthquake (Ambraseys, 2002) affected a large area from Istanbul to Izmit (see isointensity curves from Eginitis, 1894, andin Ince, 2011). Ambraseys (2002) located the earthquake epicenter in the east of the Marmara Sea near the Hersek Peninsula.…”

Section: Inferred Rupture History For the çıNarcık Segment And Adjacementioning

confidence: 99%

Submarine Earthquake History of the Çınarcık Segment of the North Anatolian Fault in the Marmara Sea, Turkey

Drab¹,

Hubert‐Ferrari²,

Schmidt³

et al. 2015

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America

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The North Anatolian fault (NAF) in the Marmara Sea is a significant hazard for the city of Istanbul. The use of paleoseismological data to provide an accurate seismic risk assessment for the area is constrained by the fact that the NAF system is submarine; thus a history of paleoearthquakes can be inferred only by using marine sediment cores. Here, a record of turbidites was obtained in two cores and used to reconstruct the earthquake history along the Çınarcık segment, a main branch of the NAF. Klg04 was collected from a berm north of the fault, and Klg03 was positioned in the Çınarcık basin, south of the fault. The cores were correlated using long-term geochemical variations in the sediment, and turbidites deposited simultaneously at both sites were then identified. Radionuclide measurements suggest the most recent turbidite was triggered by the 1894 C.E. M w 7.3 earthquake. We conclude that the turbidites identified at both sites are earthquake generated, based on their particular sedimentological and geochemical signatures; the correlation of turbidites at berm and basin sites; and the match of the most recent turbidite with a nineteenth century historical earthquake. To date older turbidites, we used carbon-14 and paleomagnetic data to build an OxCal model with a local reservoir correction of 400 50 yr. The Çınarcık segment is found to have ruptured in 1509 C.E., sometime in the fourteenth century, in 989 C.E., and in 740 C.E., with a mean recurrence interval in the range of 256-321 years. Finally, we used the earthquake record obtained to review the rupture history of the adjacent segments over the past 1500 years.

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Section: Inferred Rupture History For the çıNarcık Segment And Adjacementioning

confidence: 99%

Submarine Earthquake History of the Çınarcık Segment of the North Anatolian Fault in the Marmara Sea, Turkey

Drab¹,

Hubert‐Ferrari²,

Schmidt³

et al. 2015

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America

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“…This has no impact on the level of damage as slope stability is not a high risk in the area. However, it was determined that soil amplification and partial liquefaction contributed to the destruction of historical artifacts and structures [8].…”

Section: Causes Of Seismic Failuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

State of the art of seismic risk and loss assessment in structures

Aryanti

Masrilayanti

2021

E3S Web Conf.

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Earthquakes are known as one of the disasters that have fatal consequences for human safety. However, inevitably, the earthquake itself is not the leading cause of the losses suffered by humans, both material and soul. The most powerful thing in human safety is infrastructure such as buildings, bridges, and houses. Therefore, an in-depth analysis of the risk factors that the infrastructure will experience in a natural disaster is needed. There is a variable seismic hazard in the Southeast Asia region, ranging from high seismic hazard allied with the underneath of the Indonesian and Philippine archipelagos to moderate and low seismic tremors associated with a sizeable stable region on the Sunda Shelf. This paper describes the history of seismic risk and loss assessment of infrastructures. The method used is by doing literature reviews of the most recent research relating to seismic risk and assessment around the world. More than fifteen research results are studied and discussed to get a deep knowledge about seismic risk and the assessment of loss due to seismic disaster.

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“…In addition, some researchers of the incident are of the opinion that the quality of the superstructures was not the prime factor in determining the extent of damage and collapses: "...Our preliminary interpretation of the field data suggests that the type and width of structures do not significantly influence the degree of ground failure..." (Sancio et al, 2002). Ince (2011) researched the Old Istanbul (Turkey) city by using microzonation maps which are generated via geographical information system (GIS). Research has found that causes of the damage of the 1894 Istanbul earthquake to historical artefacts and structures were soil amplification and partial liquefaction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Determination of the relationship between soil properties and earthquake damage with the aid of neural networks: a case study in Adapazarı, Turkey

Bol

2012

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. The building stock in the city of Adapazarı, Turkey, experienced widespread damage during the 1999 Marmara earthquake. An attempt was made to relate structural damage to the type of subsoil in this study. The Adapazarı soil database has been established which contains information on boreholes, cone penetration and laboratory testing since 1996 and is being updated continuously. The database has been organised using a geographical information system software. Several numeric soil profiles across the city were then taken to establish a back propagation neural network model to enable the investigator to estimate probable structural damage by referring to the type of soils at the usual footing embedment depths. Ten cross sections comprising 140 data each were used to form scanlines of 1400 m length. The input for the neural networks were the physical, mechanical and dynamic properties of soils while the resulting damage ratio data formed the target layer. Feedforward, backward spreading networks were employed in modelling. Numeric data for eight cross sections were employed for the learning process, whereas data for two cross sections were used to test the model. The proposed model was found to predict the damage ratios successfully. The general evaluation of the city following the earthquake has shown that the structural damage was minimal in a limited section of the city where the bedrock outcrops. The damage in the flat areas around the outcropping rock covered by lacustrine clays of high and intermediate plasticity was markedly low. However, damage and destruction was obvious in the central parts of the city where liquefaction and cyclic softening cases were abundant.

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The relationship between the performance of soil conditions and damage following an earthquake: a case study in Istanbul, Turkey

Cited by 16 publications

References 8 publications

Submarine Earthquake History of the Çınarcık Segment of the North Anatolian Fault in the Marmara Sea, Turkey

Submarine Earthquake History of the Çınarcık Segment of the North Anatolian Fault in the Marmara Sea, Turkey

State of the art of seismic risk and loss assessment in structures

Determination of the relationship between soil properties and earthquake damage with the aid of neural networks: a case study in Adapazarı, Turkey

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