The Relationship Between the Periodontal Microflora and Alveolar Bone Loss in Macaca Arctoides

Slots, Jørgen; Hausmann, Ernest; Mouton, Christian; Ortman, Lance F.; Hammond, P; Genco, Robert J.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-3159-9_12

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Immunofluorescence may be a valuable diagnostic method because the A. actinomycetemcomitans species possesses three different serotype-determining surface antigens (Zambon. and the B. gingivalis species one set of surface antigens (Slots et al 1980, Mouton et al 1981, Ebersole et al 1984 which confer little or no cross-reactivity with surface antigens of other oral bacterial species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Bacteroides gingivalis in subgingival smears by the indirect fluorescent‐antibody technique

Slots

Hafström

Rosling

et al. 1985

J of Periodontal Research

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An indirect immunofluorescence technique for the detection of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (A. actinomycetemcomitans) and Bacteroides gingivalis (B. gingivalis) in smears of subgingival plaque was evaluated. The assay used species‐specific rabbit antibodies against A. actinomycetemcomitans (3 serotypes) and B. gingivalis (1 serotype) and a goat anti‐rabbit IgG fluorescein conjugate. Of 88 periodontal specimens studied, about 80% were either positive or negative for the two species by both culture and immunofluorescence, about 5% revealed the organisms by culture but not by immunofluorescence, and about 13% were culture‐negative and immunofluorescence‐positive. In positive lesions, immunofluorescence tended to yield higher A. actinomycetemcomitans counts than culture and culture tended to yield higher B. gingivalis counts than immunofluorescence. In a periodontal treatment study including 21 adult patients and 73 deep periodontal pockets, A. actinomycetemcomitans or B. gingivalis were detected by immunofluorescence in 5 of 8 periodontal lesions which showed loss of probing periodontal attachment after therapy but not in any of 37 treated periodontal sites exhibiting probing attachment gain. It was concluded that indirect immunofluorescence can detect A. actinomycetemcomitans and B. gingivalis in subgingival plaque and that monitoring these organisms may aid in differentiating progressing and nonprogressing periodontitis lesions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Bacteroides gingivalis in subgingival smears by the indirect fluorescent‐antibody technique

Slots

Hafström

Rosling

et al. 1985

J of Periodontal Research

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“…The primate model may be the most suitable (24), since several Macaca species have been reported to develop gingivitis or periodontal disease under natural conditions (14,15,16,23,31). The disease process has been greatly accelerated and alveolar bone loss has been reported after the subgingival placement of silk ligatures around the crowns of the teeth (8,12,14,31,32). Primates such as Macaca mulatta (16), Macaca arctoides (20,33), and Macaca fascicularis (14,20) have been reported to harbor a predominantly anaerobic subgingival microbiota similar to that of humans.…”

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confidence: 99%

Natural occurrence of black-pigmented Bacteroides species in the gingival crevice of the squirrel monkey

et al. 1988

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The objective of this study was to determine whether the squirrel monkey (Saimiri scuireus) is indigenously colonized with black-pigmented bacteroides (BPB) resembling human Bacteroides gingivalis and Bacteroides intermedius (suspected periodontal pathogens) and to determine the usefulness of the squirrel monkey as an in vivo model for studying colonization by putative pathogens. We assayed the subgingival plaques of 138 monkeys of various ages and in four different colonies for the presence of anaerobic BPB microorganisms. We also tested half the animals for the presence ofActinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans. Clinical indices and levels of serum antibody to B. gingivalis were recorded. We detected BPB in 50% of the animals and A. actinomycetemcomitans in 69% of the animals. The presence of BPB was generally associated with increased age, increased gingival index, presence of calculus, and increased levels of serum antibody. These data indicate that the squirrel monkey may be a good model for studying the parameters of natural infection of the gingival crevice with suspected periodontopathogenic BPB microorganisms.

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“…Ligature-induced periodontitis in the squirrel monkey (1,9,11), and other nonhuman primates (10,23) has been well established. Although the microbial etiology of ligatureinduced periodontitis in the squirrel monkey (or any of the other ligature models) has not been precisely established, BP/P have been implicated, and their colonization is strongly favored by the presence of ligatures in the gingival crevice (10,23). We have also observed statistically significant increases in P. gingivalis and P. intermedia levels in ligated quadrants accompanied by significant alveolar bone loss relative to nonligated sites with minimal alveolar bone loss (6).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have also observed statistically significant increases in P. gingivalis and P. intermedia levels in ligated quadrants accompanied by significant alveolar bone loss relative to nonligated sites with minimal alveolar bone loss (6). Periodontal diseases are thought to be multifactorial diseases involving multiple etiologies (10,16,(21)(22)(23)(24)(25). In theory, prevention of infection by one or more of the putative periodontal pathogenic organisms should prevent or reduce disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune modulation of Prevotella intermedia colonization in squirrel monkeys

et al. 1991

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Colonization of the gingival crevice by black-pigmented Porphyromonas or Prevotella spp. (BP/P), including Porphyromonas gingivalis (formerly Bacteroides gingivalis) and Prevotella intermnedia (formerly Bacteroides intermedius), is thought to be an important ecological event which may result in the destruction of connective tissues supporting the teeth. Theoretically, periodontal diseases could be prevented if these or other periodontal pathogenic microorganisms did not colonize the subgingival area. The humoral immune response is one mechanism which may modulate bacterial colonization in the gingival crevice. In the present study, we tested the effect of systemic humoral immunity on subgingival colonization by indigenous P. intermedia in squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus). Animals rendered essentially free of detectable BP/P by a single scaling, 10 days of tetracycline therapy, and toothbrushing three times per week were immunized with P. intermedia 1447 or were sham immunized with phosphate-buffered saline. Subsequently, all oral hygiene procedures were discontinued and five teeth in one quadrant were ligated with bacterium-soaked suture material to facilitate BP/P colonization. Immunization resulted in a significant increase in the level of immunoglobulin G anti-P. intermedia antibody in serum. Two weeks after ligation was initiated, P. intermedia could be detected in five of six sham-immunized and three of six immunized animals. Immunization was associated with a reduction in the emergence of indigenous P. intermedia in the gingival crevice.

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The Relationship Between the Periodontal Microflora and Alveolar Bone Loss in Macaca Arctoides

Cited by 10 publications

References 12 publications

Detection of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Bacteroides gingivalis in subgingival smears by the indirect fluorescent‐antibody technique

Detection of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Bacteroides gingivalis in subgingival smears by the indirect fluorescent‐antibody technique

Natural occurrence of black-pigmented Bacteroides species in the gingival crevice of the squirrel monkey

Immune modulation of Prevotella intermedia colonization in squirrel monkeys

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