The relationship between the race/ethnicity of generalist physicians and their care for underserved populations.

Xu, Gang; Fields, Sylvia K.; Laine, Christopher Glen; Veloski, J. Jon; Barzansky, Barbara; Martini, Carlos

doi:10.2105/ajph.87.5.817

Cited by 127 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The finding that female black physicians have a much larger proportion of Medicaid patients in their practices is interesting. Although consistent with previous findings that black physicians are more likely than whites to care for the underserved and medically indigent, [15][16][17] in this study, the findings were most pronounced for black women. Our regression analysis confirmed that providing services to a large proportion of patients who are enrolled in Medicaid adversely influence physicians' incomes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

The Influence of Race and Gender on Family Physicians' Annual Incomes

Weeks¹,

Wallace²

2006

The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine

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Purpose: Specialty, work effort, and gender have been shown to be associated with physicians' annual incomes. We hypothesized that provider race might also be associated with differences in family physicians' incomes. Therefore, we conducted a study that used survey data to explore the relationship between provider gender and race and family physicians' annual incomes.Methods: We used survey responses collected by the American Medical Association (AMA) throughout the 1990s from 786 white male, 20 black male, 159 white female, and 12 black female actively practicing family physicians. We then used linear regression modeling to determine the influence of race and gender on physicians' annual incomes after controlling for work effort, provider characteristics, and practice characteristics.Results: Female family physicians reported seeing substantially fewer patients and working fewer annual hours than their male counterparts. After adjustment for work effort, provider characteristics, and practice characteristics, black men's mean annual income was $178,873, or $9,309 (5.5%) higher than that for white men (95% Confidence Interval (

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

The Influence of Race and Gender on Family Physicians' Annual Incomes

Weeks¹,

Wallace²

2006

The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine

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“…First, recent work shows that several aspects of physician behavior and patient ratings of care vary by physician race and sex. 19,20 Minority physicians, for example, often serve a sicker and more socioeconomically vulnerable patient population [21][22][23][24] and encounter more diffi culties obtaining hospital admissions and referrals for their patients. 25 Would potential concerns about the importance of insurance status affect the referral decisions of black physicians and white physicians differently?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Referral of Patients to Specialists: Factors Affecting Choice of Specialist by Primary Care Physicians

Kinchen

Cooper²,

Levine³

et al. 2004

The Annals of Family Medicine

129

106

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BACKGROUND We wanted to determine the importance of factors in primary care physicians' choice of specialist when referring patients and to compare importance ratings by physicians' race and sex. METHODSUsing a cross-sectional study design, we surveyed a stratifi ed national sample of 1,252 primary care physicians serving adults to include equal numbers of black women, white women, black men, and white men. We assessed the percentage of physicians rating each of 17 items to be of major importance in choosing a specialist and compared importance ratings by physicians' race and sex. RESULTSThe response rate was 59.1%. Medical skill, appointment timeliness, insurance coverage, previous experience with the specialist, quality of specialist communication, specialist efforts to return patient to primary physician for care, and the likelihood of good patient-specialist rapport were of major importance to most respondents. Compared with black physicians, white physicians were more likely to rate previous experience with the specialist (65% vs 55%, P = .05) and board certifi cation (41% vs 29%, P <.05) to be of major importance. White physicians were somewhat less likely than black physicians (17% vs 26%, P = .06) to rate patient convenience to be of major importance. Compared with male physicians, female physicians were more likely to rate the patient's insurance status to be of major importance (60% vs 44%, P <.01).CONCLUSIONS Primary care physicians serving adults consider several factors to be of major importance when choosing a specialist. The importance of patient convenience, previous experience with the specialist, specialist board certifi cation, and insurance coverage accepted by specialist varied by physicians' race and sex. A better understanding of factors important to a diverse physician workforce may help to improve the referral process.

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“…Or cette représentation accrue des minorités au sein des professionnels a également vocation à améliorer l'offre de soins qui leur est accessible. Les professionnels issus des minorités s'installent en effet plus volontiers que les autres dans les quartiers à forte composante minoritaire, quartiers qui sont généralement insuffisamment pourvus (Xu et al, 1997). Or la désertification sanitaire caractérise les quartiers habités par les minorités ethnoraciales mais aussi les quartiers défavorisés d'un point de vue socioéconomique.…”

Section: Les Politiques : Peut-on Cibler Sans Stigmatiser ?unclassified

Les inégalités sociales dans l’accès aux soins : l’origine mise en catégories

Carde

2014

socsoc

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Cet article interroge la capacité des catégories de l’origine, construites et mobilisées par la recherche et les politiques publiques en santé publique, à objectiver, comprendre et lutter contre les inégalités sociales dans l’accès aux soins. Est examinée à cette fin la documentation en santé publique en France et aux États-Unis. En France sont identifiés la nationalité et le pays de naissance des individus. Mais l’interprétation des différences dans l’accès aux soins entre étrangers et Français, immigrés et non-immigrés, bute sur un angle mort, l’origine ethno-raciale. Aux États-Unis, les catégorisations privilégient au contraire cette dimension. Bien que l’usage de telles catégories y achoppe sur les principaux écueils qu’anticipent, en France, ses détracteurs, il ouvre de précieuses pistes pour la compréhension des inégalités sociales dans l’accès aux soins et la lutte contre elles. Cet article entend ainsi contribuer à la discussion sur les catégories de l’origine, en la plaçant sur un terrain précis, celui de l’accès aux soins.This article examines the ability of categories of origin, constructed and mobilized by the research and policy in public health, to objectify, understand and fight against social inequalities in access to care. Is considered for this purpose the public health literature in France and the United States. In France, nationality and country of birth of individuals are identified. But the interpretation of differences in access to care between foreign and French, immigrants and non-immigrants, runs into a blind spot, the ethno-racial origin. In the United States, by contrast, categorizations favor this dimension. Although the use of such categories stumble upon the main pitfalls anticipated by its detractors in France, it opens up valuable avenues for understanding social inequalities in access to care and fighting against them. This article aims to contribute to the discussion on the categories of origin, by placing it on a specific field, that of access to care.Este artículo cuestiona la capacidad de las categorías del origen ―construidas y movilizadas por las investigaciones y las políticas públicas en salud pública― para hacer de ellas un objetivo, comprender y luchar contra las desigualdades sociales frente al acceso a los servicios de salud. Para este fin se examina la documentación en salud pública en Francia y en Estados Unidos. En Francia se identifican la nacionalidad y el país de nacimiento de los individuos. Pero la interpretación de las diferencias frente al acceso a los servicios de salud entre extranjeros e inmigrantes, inmigrantes y no inmigrantes, se tropieza contra un obstáculo: el origen étnico-racial. En Estados Unidos, por el contrario, las categorizaciones privilegian esta dimensión. Aun cuando el uso de esta categoría se tropieza con las principales dificultades señaladas por sus detractores en Francia, ésta abre valiosas pistas para la comprensión de las desigualdades sociales frente al acceso a los servicios de salud y a la lucha contra ellas. Este ar...

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The relationship between the race/ethnicity of generalist physicians and their care for underserved populations.

Cited by 127 publications

References 19 publications

The Influence of Race and Gender on Family Physicians' Annual Incomes

The Influence of Race and Gender on Family Physicians' Annual Incomes

Referral of Patients to Specialists: Factors Affecting Choice of Specialist by Primary Care Physicians

Les inégalités sociales dans l’accès aux soins : l’origine mise en catégories

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