The Relationship of Metabolic Capacity to Triathlon Performance With Novice Triathletes

Otto, Robert M.; Smith, T. K.; Weatherwax, R. S.; Southard, J. J.; Wygand, John

doi:10.1249/00005768-198504000-00171

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…This observation may explain the ability of triathletes to exercise daily at high aerobic intensity. It may also re¯ect the poor relationship between VT, O 2 max and triathlon performance noted in the present study and suggested by the wide ranges of VT (45%± 64% O 2 mx ) and O 2 max values (52.2±84.5 mlákg A1 á-min A1 ) that have been reported in elite triathletes (O'Toole et al 1989;Otto et al 1985;Roalstad 1989;Schneider et al 1990). …”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

Metabolic and cardioventilatory responses during a graded exercise test before and 24?h after a triathlon

Gallais

Hayot

Hue³

et al. 1999

European Journal of Applied Physiology

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Previous studies have reported respiratory, cardiac and muscle changes at rest in triathletes 24 h after completion of the event. To examine the effects of these changes on metabolic and cardioventilatory variables during exercise, eight male triathletes of mean age 21.1 (SD 2.5) years (range 17-26 years) performed an incremental cycle exercise test (IET) before (pre) and the day after (post) an official classic triathlon (1.5-km swimming, 40-km cycling and 10-km running). The IET was performed using an electromagnetic cycle ergometer. Ventilatory data were collected every minute using a breath-by-breath automated system and included minute ventilation (V(E)), oxygen uptake (VO2), carbon dioxide production (VCO2), respiratory exchange ratio, ventilatory equivalent for oxygen (V(E)/VO2) and for carbon dioxide (V(E)/VCO2), breathing frequency and tidal volume. Heart rate (HR) was monitored using an electrocardiogram. The oxygen pulse was calculated as VO2/HR. Arterialized blood was collected every 2 min throughout IET and the recovery period, and lactate concentration was measured using an enzymatic method. Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) was determined using conventional criteria. Ventilatory threshold (VT) was determined using the V-slope method formulated earlier. Cardioventilatory variables were studied during the test, at the point when the subject felt exhausted and during recovery. Results indicated no significant differences (P > 0.05) in VO2max [62.6 (SD 5.9) vs 64.6 (SD 4.8) ml x kg(-1) x min(-1)], VT [2368 (SD 258) vs 2477 (SD 352) ml x min(-1)] and time courses of VO2 between the pre- versus post-triathlon sessions. In contrast, the time courses of HR and blood lactate concentration reached significantly higher values (P < 0.05) in the pre-triathlon session. We concluded that these triathletes when tested 24 h after a classic triathlon displayed their pre-event aerobic exercise capacity, bud did not recover pretriathlon time courses in HR or blood lactate concentration.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

Metabolic and cardioventilatory responses during a graded exercise test before and 24?h after a triathlon

Gallais

Hayot

Hue³

et al. 1999

European Journal of Applied Physiology

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“…Thus, the run has become the essential segment in terms of the ®nal result, and particularly the ®rst minutes of running just after cycling, referred to as the``cycle-run transition'', which may aect the running eciency of the remaining run. Otto et al (1985) reported that the run time of a triathlon was signi®cantly related to treadmill maximal oxygen uptake O 2 max , but Roalstad (1989) suggested that the relationship between O 2 max and performance may not be as strong as that often seen in single sports, and that preceding the run by cycling could aect the strength of the correlation between run O 2 max and triathlon run performance. The aim of the present study was to assess the eects of the 40-km cycling segment of a classic triathlon on the biomechanical and cardiorespiratory variables of the subsequent run segment, compared with a control run, with particular emphasis on the time course of the responses in order to specify the characteristics of the cycle-run transition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of prior cycling on biomechanical and cardiorespiratory response profiles during running in triathletes

Hue¹,

Gallais²,

Chollet³

et al. 1997

European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiol

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The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of 40 km of cycling on the biomechanical and cardiorespiratory responses measured during the running segment of a classic triathlon, with particular emphasis on the time course of these responses. Seven male triathletes underwent four successive laboratory trials: (1) 40 km of cycling followed by a 10-km triathlon run (TR), (2) a 10-km control run (CR) at the same speed as TR, (3) an incremental treadmill test, and (4) an incremental cycle test. The following ventilatory data were collected every minute using an automated breath-by-breath system: pulmonary ventilation VE, l x min[-1]), oxygen uptake (VO2, ml x min(-1) x kg[-1]), carbon dioxide output (ml x min[-1]), respiratory equivalents for oxygen (VE/VO2) and carbon dioxide (VE/VCO2), respiratory exchange ratio (R) respiratory frequency (f, breaths x min[-1]), and tidal volume (ml). Heart rate (HR, beats x min[-1]) was monitored using a telemetric system. Biomechanical variables included stride length (SL) and stride frequency (SF) recorded on a video tape. The results showed that the following variables were significantly higher (analysis of variance, P < 0.05) for TR than for CR: VO2 [51.7 (3.4) vs 48.3 (3.9) ml x kg(-1) x min(-1), respectively], VE [100.4 (1.4) l x min(-1) vs 84.4 (7.0) l x min(-1)], VE/VO2 [24.2 (2.6) vs 21.5 (2.7)] VE/VCO2 [25.2 (2.6) vs 22.4 (2.6)], f[55.8 (11.6) vs 49.0 (12.4) breaths x min(-1)] and HR [175 (7) vs 168 (9) beats x min(-1)]. Moreover, the time needed to reach steady-state was shorter for HR and VO2 (1 min and 2 min, respectively) and longer for VE (7 min). In contrast, the biomechanical parameters, i.e. SL and SF, remained unchanged throughout TR versus CR. We conclude that the first minutes of the run segment after cycling in an experimental triathlon were specific in terms of VO2 and cardiorespiratory variables, and nonspecific in terms of biomechanical variables.

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Effect of heavy exercise and forced running training on serum lipid peroxide.

Kumagai

Hasegawa

Emura

et al. 1988

The Annals of physiological anthropology

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The Relationship of Metabolic Capacity to Triathlon Performance With Novice Triathletes

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Metabolic and cardioventilatory responses during a graded exercise test before and 24?h after a triathlon

Metabolic and cardioventilatory responses during a graded exercise test before and 24?h after a triathlon

The influence of prior cycling on biomechanical and cardiorespiratory response profiles during running in triathletes

Effect of heavy exercise and forced running training on serum lipid peroxide.

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