The relationship of urinary 17-hydroxycorticosteroids to creatinine in obesity

Konishi, Frank

doi:10.1016/0026-0495(64)90053-8

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In vivo , creatinine is usually produced at a fairly constant rate proportional to muscle mass, and then filtered from the blood by the kidneys. However, previous studies showed increased urinary excretion of creatinine in obese individuals during a 4-hour or 24-hour period [89]. Similar results were observed in HFD-fed obese mice and obese GHR mutant mice (Table 1).…”

Section: Investigation Of Obesity-associated Metabolites By Metabosupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Similar results were observed in HFD-fed obese mice and obese GHR mutant mice (Table 1). The reason for this may be related to skeletal and cardiac muscle hypertrophy to support and move the increased body mass [89], endogenous biosynthesis pathways, kidney function, or all of these [34]. …”

Section: Investigation Of Obesity-associated Metabolites By Metabomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was reported that glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow exceeded the normal value by 51 and 31%, respectively, in nondiabetic subjects with severe obesity [91]. However, as indicated, obesity is associated with insulin resistance, hypertension, and dyslipidemia [89]. These metabolic abnormalities pose a higher risk for kidney diseases, which decreases creatinine clearance [92, 93], as does aging [94], thus caution is required in interpreting changes in creatinine clearance in obesity and diabetes.…”

Section: Investigation Of Obesity-associated Metabolites By Metabomentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigating Potential Mechanisms of Obesity by Metabolomics

Xie

Waters

Schirra

2012

Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology

118

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Obesity is a serious health problem with an increased risk of several common diseases including diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Metabolomics is an emerging analytical technique for systemic determination of metabolite profiles, which is useful for understanding the biochemical changes in obesity or related diseases both in individual organs and at the organism level. Increasingly, this technology has been applied to the study of obesity, complementing transcriptomics and/or proteomics analyses. Indeed, the alterations of metabolites in biofluids/tissues are direct indicators of variations in physiology or pathology. In this paper, we will examine the obesity-related alterations in significant metabolites that have been identified by metabolomics as well as their metabolic pathway associations. Issues concerning the screening of biologically significant metabolites related to obesity will also be discussed.

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Section: Investigation Of Obesity-associated Metabolites By Metabosupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Investigation Of Obesity-associated Metabolites By Metabomentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Investigation Of Obesity-associated Metabolites By Metabomentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigating Potential Mechanisms of Obesity by Metabolomics

Xie

Waters

Schirra

2012

Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology

118

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“…Prezio and Jacobson both reported that those obese persons with adrenal hyperfunction had a relatively greater increase in lean body mass and suggested that like many other biological functions steroid secretion bore a relation to the lean body mass (Prezio et al, 1964 , 1964). Similarly, Konishi (1964), examining the relationship of urinary 17 OHCS to creatinine and (b) 11excretion in obesity, also suggested that cortisol ildren plotted production varied with changes in muscle mass. ormal children.…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

Excretion of individual adrenocortical steroids in obese children

Savage¹,

Forsyth²,

Cameron³

1974

Archives of Disease in Childhood

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946. Excretion of individual adrenocortical steroids in obese children. The excretion of 13 individual adrenocortical metabolites in the urine of 21 obese children aged 7 months to 16 years is reported. Fractionation of the steroids was carried out on 24-hour samples of urine by paper chromatography using Bush systems and incorporating a radioactive steroid recovery technique. The excretion of the 17-hydroxycorticosteroids and of the oc-ketolic metabolites of cortisol and corticosterone exceeded that of normal children studied in the same manner. These differences persisted when the results were corrected for surface area but were eliminated by correction for body weight. The raised corticosteroid excretion in obese children is therefore related to the increased weight. In addition the excessive calorie intake enhances the hepatic metabolism of cortisol leading to an increased corticosteroid excretion.The excretion of the 17-oxosteroids and 11-deoxygenated-17-oxosteroids exceeded that of normal children. Before puberty these steroids represent the adrenal androgens, and the raised excretion in the obese children was associated with an advanced bone age. The early onset of puberty in obesity may be related to the increased body weight, but it is suggested that the increased adrenal androgen secretion may stimulate early maturation of the hypothalamic centre controlling the onset of puberty.

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“…On the other hand, creatinine which is produced at a fairly constant rate proportional to muscle mass, is the by-product of creatine in muscle or energy metabolism and is excreted in urine. However, there have been studies showing that creatinine levels differ over a 24 hour period between obese individuals due to hypertrophy in skeletal and cardiac muscles to support the larger fat mass as compared to a lean individual (Konishi, 1964). The increase of creatine, creatine phosphate and creatinine levels seen in the OB cohorts in both arms could potentially therefore be due to the obese subjects having more muscle mass as compared to a lean individual which is reflected in the clinical data (Appendix A).…”

Section: Obese Vs Healthy Weight Children At Baselinementioning

confidence: 99%

A systems biology approach towards child obesity and obesity-related diseases: integration of clinical, genetic, hormonal and NMR metabonomic factors

Rahman¹

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Systems biology has become a powerful scientific method using a more holistic perspective to tackle biological and biomedical research. Complex data obtained from different types of experiments using multiple interdisciplinary tools such as metabonomics and transcriptomics can be integrated and analysed to give a better understanding of the biological problem at hand. This PhD thesis comprises closely related project parts that utilise tools of systems biology (NMR-based metabonomics, gene expression profiling, and multivariate analysis) to investigate how growth hormone deficiency (GHD) and obesity can cause alterations in metabolism of children and adolescence. In addition, method development of collecting and storage of human urine samples for NMR-based metabonomic studies were also investigated to aid in achieving accurate metabolic fingerprints. The first project established a novel standard procedure of collection, storage and preservation of human urine samples to ensure the measurement of true metabolic fingerprints in NMR-based metabonomic studies. Human urine samples are susceptible to metabolite changes when left at room temperature for less than 24 hours even with the addition of different preservatives and I have successfully established the minimum requirements to maintain the stability of urine samples for 48 hours at room temperature. Once a standard procedure of sample handling was established, a NMR-based metabonomics pilot study was performed in which the metabolic profiles of a growth hormone (GH)-deficient adolescent subject were tracked with NMR-based urinary metabonomics during five years of GH therapy . Detection of urinary metabolites related to GHD provided a clearer picture of the impact GH therapy has on metabolism. Metabonomics was able to differentiate the metabolic profiles of healthy controls from the GHD subject indicating that metabonomics has the capability to be utilised as a platform to identify the effects of GH treatment on metabolism in humans. The main project of this PhD was a study of metabolic changes in children with obesity and used tools of systems biology such as NMR-based urinary metabonomics and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) gene expression analysis to investigate samples collected as part of the KOALA childhood obesity program. Results from both metabonomics and gene expression profiling studies were combined with clinical data using multivariate analysis (O2PLS) to provide a clearer picture of how obesity can disrupt metabolism in children. The outcome(s) of this study support the utilisation of NMR-based metabonomics as a potential diagnostic and prognostic tool not only in the context of obesity, but make the technique also available for the study of other diseases. In addition, gene expression studies of PBMCs identified significant NRs and NR-dependent pathways that may improve our understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms in metabolic dysfunction in obesity. In summary, using tools of systems biology, a better understand can b...

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The relationship of urinary 17-hydroxycorticosteroids to creatinine in obesity

Cited by 19 publications

References 10 publications

Investigating Potential Mechanisms of Obesity by Metabolomics

Investigating Potential Mechanisms of Obesity by Metabolomics

Excretion of individual adrenocortical steroids in obese children

A systems biology approach towards child obesity and obesity-related diseases: integration of clinical, genetic, hormonal and NMR metabonomic factors

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