The Relationship Vitamin C Level and MMP-2 Serum with Premature Rupture of Membranes and Normal Pregnancy

Abstract

Background: One of the important problems in obstetrics is premature rupture of membranes. Incidence of premature rupture of membranes caused by multifactorial, including the factors of infection and nutrients of pregnant women that affect the elasticity of membranes. The aim of the study to investigate the relationship vitamin C level and MMP-2 serum with premature rupture of membranes and normal pregnancy. Methods: This research is cross sectional comparative study design. The research is in the Midwife Room of Bhayangkara Hospital, dr. Reksodiwiryo and dr. Rasidin Hospital Padang in September-October 2017. The population in this study were pregnant women with early rupture of membranes and all women with normal pregnancy (gestational age ≥ 37-42 weeks) and sample size 58 people in two groups. Sampling technique with consecutive sampling. The examination of vitamin C and MMP-2 levels was performed in Biomedical Laboratory of Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas by ELISA method. Test of data normality with Shapiro-Wilk test and independent sample T test and Pearson correlation for hyphotesis. Results: The results showed that mean of vitamin C level in premature rupture of membranes was 0.53 ± 0.09 mg/dl, and 0.58 ± 0.08 mg/dl in normal pregnancy (p <0.05). The mean of MMP-2 level in premature rupture of membranes was 35.17 ± 2.23 ng/ml, and 33.27 ± 0.82 ng/ml in normal pregnancy (p <0.05). There was no relationship between vitamin C and MMP-2 levels with premature rupture of membranes and normal pregnancy (p> 0.05). Conclusion: The conclusion of this study there were mean difference of vitamin C and MMP-2 levels in premature rupture of membranes and normal pregnancy. However, there was no relationship between vitamin C and MMP-2 levels in premature rupture of membranes and normal pregnancy Index Terms-MMP-2, premature rupture of membranes, vitamin C.

Insufficient Vitamin C Levels among Adults in the United States: Results from the NHANES Surveys, 2003–2006

“…Research efforts are suggested to identify the prevalence and risks of insufficient plasma Vitamin C levels in individuals of all ages (including infants and children) and more diverse race/ethnicities. Pregnancy status is another area where research is advised, as needs may transiently increase during the progression of the pregnancy [59][60][61]. It is also recommended to investigate both low SES and those considered middle class, as this study identified both to be significant predictors for decreased Vitamin C. Further examination of Vitamin C insufficiencies in older adults is suggested as findings may not be applied to residents of long-term care facilities, a sector with known nutritional inadequacies that would also benefit from increased surveillance and treatment [62][63][64].…”

“…Participants who acknowledged food insecurity (n = 1449, 14.1%) had higher percentages of insufficient Vitamin C levels (deficiency, hypovitaminosis, and inadequate) compared to those who denied food insecurity (n = 6158, 85.9%) [χ2 = 114. 59 Vitamin C intake also showed significant differences across the categories of plasma Vitamin C for both non-consecutive days [Day One intake: F = 134.43, df = 4, p ≤ 0.001; Day Two intake: F = 88.84, df = 4, p < 0.001]. Mean ranges of reported dietary intake of Vitamin C were 39.4 mg to 124.9 mg for the two days collected.…”