The relative importance of embryo size and endosperm size in causing the effects associated with seed size in wheat

Bremner, P. M.; Eckersall, R. N.; Scott, R. K.

doi:10.1017/s0021859600013800

Cited by 56 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Taylor and Ten Broeck (1988) demonstrated that the amount of seedling emergence force expended increased linearly as seed size increased for an array of small-to large-seeded vegetable crops. However, an inverse relation existed between the capacity of seeds to use reserve materials and small-sized seeds were more efficient in using this reserve materials than large ones (Bremner et al 1963, Taylor & Ten Broeck 1988. In our experiment the small seeds showed higher early germination than large seeds (Table 1) which can be explained by the rapid imbibition of moisture which accelerate both physiological and chemical process of germination.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Sweet Corn Propagation: Studies on Transplanting Feasibility and Seed Priming

El-Hamed¹,

Elwan²,

Shaban³

2011

Journal of Fruit and Ornamental Plant Research

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Enhanced Sweet Corn Propagation: Studies on Transplanting Feasibility and Seed PrimingSweet corn hybrids with high-sugar genotypes (sh2) has inherent problem of low seed emergence and stand in the field. This study was conducted to determine the effect of seed size, tray cell size and growing media components on sweet corn transplant transplanting. Other objectives were to evaluate the effect of priming sweet corn seeds on germination in the field. Bio-priming withTrichodermaandBacillus, osmopriming with KNO3, and hydro-priming with H2O have been tested. The results indicated that transplanting sweet corn is feasible with high quality transplants from seeds that germinate well in disease-free environment. Large sweet corn seeds, large tray cells, and vermiculite-based growing media proved to gave higher germination percentages. While same factors did not show pronounced effect on seedling performance in terms of root and shoot length and fresh weight. In the priming experiment, the bio-priming treatment showed the highest germination of seeds percentage among other priming treatments and the control. Sweet corn seeds treated withBacillus megateriumgerminated 50% higher than seeds treated withTrichodermaspp. as bio-control agents.Aspergillus niger, andPenicilliumrepresented 65% of pathogens responsible for failure of sweet corn seed germination. The results of this study demonstrated the feasibility of enhanced sweet corn seed propagation through transplanting and seed priming to improve emergence and field stand.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Sweet Corn Propagation: Studies on Transplanting Feasibility and Seed Priming

El-Hamed¹,

Elwan²,

Shaban³

2011

Journal of Fruit and Ornamental Plant Research

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“…For example, in wheat, maize and other cereal crop plants, the endosperm constitutes more than 80% of total seed weight. In such plants, the size, capacity for dormancy, viability, durability and fitness of seeds is determined by the size of the endosperm and not that of the embryo (Martin, 1946;Bremner et al, 1963; also see Garcia, 2003Garcia, , 2005. In contrast, in younger dicot families, such as cucurbits and orchids, the endosperm is reduced to a couple of layers of cells.…”

Section: Endospermmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant and Animal Reproductive Strategies: Lessons from Offspring Size and Number Tradeoffs

Dani

Kodandaramaiah

2017

Front. Ecol. Evol.

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The tradeoff between offspring size and number is ubiquitous and manifestly similar in plants and animals despite fundamental differences between the evolutionary histories of these two major life forms. Fecundity (offspring number) primarily affects parental fitness, while offspring size underpins the fitness of parents and offspring. We provide an overview of theoretical models dealing with offspring size and fitness relationships. We follow that with a detailed examination of life-history constraints and environmental effects on offspring size and number, separately in plants and animals. The emphasis is on seed plants, but we endeavor to also summarize information from distinct animal groups-insects, fishes, reptiles, birds, and mammals. Furthermore, we analyse genetic controls on offspring size and number in two model organisms-Arabidopsis and Drosophila. Despite the deep evolutionary divergence between plants and animals, we find four trends in reproductive strategy that are common to both lineages: (i) offspring size is generally less variable than offspring number, (ii) offspring size increases with increasing parent body size, (iii) maternal genes restrict offspring size and increase offspring numbers, while zygotic genes act to increase offspring size; such parent-offspring conflicts are enhanced when there is sibling rivalry, and (iv) variation in offspring size increases under sub-optimal (harsh) environmental conditions. The most salient difference between plants and animals is that the latter tend to produce larger (fewer) offspring under sub-optimal conditions while seed plants invest in smaller (many) seeds, suggesting that maternal genetic control over offspring size increases in plants but decreases in animals with parental care. The time is ripe for greater experimental exploration of genetic controls on reproductive allocation and parent-offspring conflicts in plants and animals under sub-optimal (harsh) environments.

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“…Seeds collected from delayed sowing had more robust seedlings, which is also supported by their bigger crown diameter and higher seedling dry weight. Seedling growth is associated with seed size (Austin and Condon, 1967;Bremmer et al, 1963). The linear relationship between seedling dry weight with root (R 2 =O.9565) or shoot (R 2 =O.7860), dry weight was quite positive (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Seed quality assessment of three photo-insensitive cultivars of lablab bean influenced by date of sowing

Alam¹,

Bhuiyan

Halim

et al. 1970

Bangladesh J. Agric. Res

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Quality of seeds of three cultivars (IPSA Seem-2, BU Seem-3 and IPSA Seem-5) of lablab bean (Lablab purpureus L. Sweet) collected from crops planted in three different dates (15 May, 15 July, and 15 September 2003) was assessed in respect of different parameters. The maximum percentage of seeds of cv. IPSA Seem-2 was germinated (95.67) whereas, BU Seem-3 had the maximum electrical conductivity (EC) (316.06 µs/cm) followed by IPSA Seem-5 (261.53 µs/cm). The cv. IPSA Seem-2 also had the highest vigour index (VI) (65.04) and coefficient of germination (CG) (58.90). The maximum length of root and shoot was 13.73 cm and 12.98 cm in IPSA Seem-5 and IPSA Seem-2, respectively. The percentage of dry matter of root and shoot was the highest for BU Seem-3 (23.68 and 12.15, respectively), whereas, the composite sample of root and shoot of IPSA Seem-2 had the highest value of dry matter (14.54%). Seeds of September planted crops had better germination percentage (95.67), VI (50.07), CG (47.65), length of root (13.63 cm), dry matter of root (24.79%), shoot (13.34%) and composite sample (15.14%). Whereas, seeds of May planted crops had the maximum EC (388.23 µs/cm) and length of shoot (15.29 cm). Seeds of cv. IPSA Seem-2 collected from September planted crops had the maximum germination percentage (97.75), VI (70.96), CG (64.13), length of shoot (11.41 cm) and dry matter percentage of composite sample of root and shoot (16.58). BU Seem-3 of May planted crops had the maximum EC (469.78 µs/cm). But BU Seem-3 of September planting had the highest dry matter of root of seedling (25.19%). Seedlings of cv. IPSA Seem-5 planted in September had the highest length of roots (14.63 cm) and dry matter of shoot (13.79%).

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The relative importance of embryo size and endosperm size in causing the effects associated with seed size in wheat

Cited by 56 publications

References 12 publications

Enhanced Sweet Corn Propagation: Studies on Transplanting Feasibility and Seed Priming

Enhanced Sweet Corn Propagation: Studies on Transplanting Feasibility and Seed Priming

Plant and Animal Reproductive Strategies: Lessons from Offspring Size and Number Tradeoffs

Seed quality assessment of three photo-insensitive cultivars of lablab bean influenced by date of sowing

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