The relative mobility of natural (Th, Pb and Po) and fallout (Pu, Am, Cs) radionuclides in the coastal marine environment: results from model ecosystems (MERL) and Narragansett Bay

Santschi, Peter H.; Li, Yuanhui; Adler, Dennis; Amdurer, Michael; Bell, Joy; Nyffeler, Urs P.

doi:10.1016/0016-7037(83)90133-3

Cited by 86 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Other studies using estuarine sediment contaminated by nuclear reactor discharge establish that ~37Cs is desorbed when sediments are exposed to seawater (Patel et al, 1978;Stanners and Aston, 1981). Numerous studies in which uncontaminated sediments were spiked with 137Cs or 134Cs and allowed to equilibrate for several weeks to several months also demonstrate that radiocesium is readily desorbed from sediment particles (e.g., Santschi et al, 1983;Torgersen and Longmore, 1984;Comans et al, 1991). ~37Cs mobility in lacustrine and marine sediments is also supported by pore water measurements which reveal small but significant quantities of dissolved 137Cs (Sholkovitz et al, 1983;Sholkovitz and Mann, 1984;Comans et al, 1989).…”

Section: Episodic Sediment Depositionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Episodic deposition and 137Cs immobility in Skan Bay sediments: A ten-year 210Pb and 137Cs time series

1994

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Sugai, S.F., Alperin, M.J. and Reeburgh, W.S., 1994. Episodic deposition and 137Cs immobility in Skan Bay sediments: A ten-year 2X°pb and 13~Cs time series. In: M.I. Scranton (Editor), Variability in Anoxic Systems. Mar. Geol., A geochronology time series provides a powerful tool for elucidating sedimentary processes such as episodic deposition and diffusive mobility of particle-reactive constituents. Depth distributions of 21°Pb and 137Cs from Skan Bay, Alaska were determined for sediment cores collected in 1980, 1984, 1987, and 1990. Sediment X-radiographs reveal distinct layers indicating that sediments were not continuously mixed by bioturbation. However, the geochronology time series is inconsistent with an undisturbed, steady-state sediment column. Profiles from 1980Profiles from , 1984Profiles from , and 1990 reveal subsurface regions in which 21°pb activity is relatively constant. In addition, the depth of the primary 137Cs maximum (reflecting the 1963 peak in atmospheric bomb testing) does not increase in a regular fashion between 1980 and 1990. The 21°pb and 137Cs geochronologies can be reconciled by removing the effects of an instantaneous depositional event. The average 2X°pb sedimentation rate (corrected for episodic deposition) in cores that were collected over a ten year period (0.241 +0.006 g cm -2 yr-1) is in excellent agreement with the average 137Cs sedimentation rate (0.258 _+ 0.008 gcm-2 yr-1) calculated from three stratigraphic markers [peak fallout (1963), first appearance in the sediment record (1952), and the Chernobyl accident (1986)]. The mobility of bomb-derived 13VCs under in situ conditions was evaluated by a time-dependent numerical model applied to the 137Cs time series. The model indicates that bomb-derived cesium is immobile in Skan Bay sediments with a solid-liquid distribution coefficient (Kd) of/> 105 (ml g-1).

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Section: Episodic Sediment Depositionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Episodic deposition and 137Cs immobility in Skan Bay sediments: A ten-year 210Pb and 137Cs time series

1994

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“…HESSLEIN et al (1980) measured the removal rate of metal radio tracers added to an entire lake in the Experimental Lakes Area, Canada. They found that removal seemed to obey first order kinetics, a conclusion verified in a marine microcosm (SANTSCHI et al [1983b]) and a shallow marine embayment (TODD [1984]). This could lead to relatively constant water column concentrations, since removal would be accelerated at times of high input (as during rain storms), and slowed at times of low concentration (BENOIT and HEMOND [1987a] (1981) found that 2,oPb was principally associated with hydrous Mn oxides in Washington continental shelf sediments.…”

Section: Generalmentioning

confidence: 96%

The biogeochemistry of 210Pb and 210Po in fresh waters and sediments

Benoit¹

1988

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“…Otra de las consideraciones que se debe tener en mente es la posibilidad de migración o intercambio de 210 Pb exceso entre el agua intersticial y los sedimentos. Se ha demostrado que el 210 Pb puede ser removilizado de la superficie de los sedimentos hacia las aguas intersticiales y que éstas, a su vez, pueden ser removilizadas hacia la columna de agua que sobreyace a los sedimentos (Santschi et al, 1983;Benoit y Hemod, 1991).…”

Section: Pbunclassified