The Removal of Cr(VI) from Aqueous Solutions with Corn Stalk Biochar

Yang, Wenling; Gao, Lei; Quan, Shujing; Zhang, Longfei; Wang, Baitao; Hu, Hong; Li, Liangliang; Ma, Zhenqiang; Yin, Chengliang; Fan, Feng; Jing, Yanyan

doi:10.3390/ijerph192114188

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Chromium exists in nature in different oxidation states, among which the oxidation states of three Cr(III) and six Cr(VI) are more common. Cr(VI) is more toxic than Cr(III) and produces numerous infections such as malignant lung disease, chronic respiratory disease, irascibility and liver damage [15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of Cr(VI) from Wastewater Using Acrylonitrile Grafted Cellulose Extracted from Sugarcane Bagasse

Khan,

Ali,

Naz

et al. 2024

Molecules

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A highly efficient low-cost adsorbent was prepared using raw and chemically modified cellulose isolated from sugarcane bagasse for decontamination of Cr(VI) from wastewater. First, cellulose pulp was isolated from sugarcane bagasse by subjecting it to acid hydrolysis, alkaline hydrolysis and bleaching with sodium chlorate (NaClO3). Then, the bleached cellulose pulp was chemically modified with acrylonitrile monomer in the presence Fenton’s reagent (Fe+2/H2O2) to carry out grafting of acrylonitrile onto cellulose by atom transfer radical polymerization. The developed adsorbent (acrylonitrile grafted cellulose) was analyzed by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Both raw cellulose and acrylonitrile grafted cellulose were used for chromium removal from wastewater. The effects of metal ion concentration, pH, adsorbent dose and time were studied, and their values were optimized. The optimum conditions for the adsorption of Cr(VI) onto raw and chemically modified cellulose were: metal ion concentration: 50 ppm, adsorbent dose: 1 g, pH: 6, and time: 60 min. The maximum efficiencies of 73% and 94% and adsorption capacities of 125.95 mg/g and 267.93 mg/g were achieved for raw and acrylonitrile grafted cellulose, respectively. High removal efficiency was achieved, owing to high surface area of 79.92 m2/g and functional active binding cites on grafted cellulose. Isotherm and kinetics studies show that the experimental data were fully fitted by the Freundlich isotherm model and pseudo first-order model. The adsorbent (acrylonitrile grafted cellulose) was regenerated using three different types of regenerating reagents and reused thirty times, and there was negligible decrease (19%) in removal efficiency after using it for 30 times. Hence, it is anticipated that acrylonitrile could be utilized as potential candidate material for commercial scale Cr(VI) removal from wastewater.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of Cr(VI) from Wastewater Using Acrylonitrile Grafted Cellulose Extracted from Sugarcane Bagasse

Khan,

Ali,

Naz

et al. 2024

Molecules

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“…This brings more attention to the alternative of biochar, a lower-cost adsorbent material produced by the pyrolytic carbonization reaction of waste biomass feedstock, with which the adsorption of pollutants can be very cost-effective [ 15 ]. Since most of the raw materials of biochar are derived from by-products or wastes in the process of agricultural production, it is widely available and inexpensive and has a great application perspective in the field of adsorption [ 16 , 17 , 18 ]. As a well-adsorbed material, biochar has a relatively rich pore structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The microporous structure in biochar accounts for more than 80% of the total pore volume, and the higher the number of micropores, the more efficiently tiny molecules (e.g., solvents and gases) can be adsorbed, so that micropores play an essential role in the adsorption process [ 20 ]. Aside from large porosity, biochar also has a large specific surface area, a highly aromatic structure and an abundance of surface functional groups, all of which affect its properties and give it desirable adsorption properties [ 17 , 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative Study for Propranolol Adsorption on the Biochars from Different Agricultural Solid Wastes

Nie,

Che,

Chen

et al. 2024

Materials

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Currently, large amounts of agricultural solid wastes have caused serious environmental problems. Agricultural solid waste is made into biochar by pyrolysis, which is an effective means of its disposal. As the prepared biochar has a good adsorption capacity, it is often used to treat pollutants in water, such as heavy metals and pharmaceuticals. PRO is an emerging contaminant in the environment today. However, there are limited studies on the interaction between biochars with PRO. Thus, in this study, we investigate the adsorption of PRO onto the biochars derived from three different feedstocks. The order of adsorption capacity was corn stalk biochar (CS, 10.97 mg/g) > apple wood biochar (AW, 10.09 mg/g) > rice husk biochar (RH, 8.78 mg/g). When 2 < pH < 9, the adsorption capacity of all the biochars increased as the pH increased, while the adsorption decreased when pH > 9, 10 and 10.33 for AW, CS and RH, respectively. The adsorption of PRO on biochars was reduced with increasing Na+ and Ca2+ concentrations from 0 to 200 mg·L−1. The effects of pH and coexisting ions illustrated that there exist electrostatic interaction and cation exchange in the process. In addition, when HA concentration was less than 20 mg/L, it promoted the adsorption of PRO on the biochars; however, when the concentration was more than 20 mg/L, its promoting effect was weakened and gradually changed into an inhibitory effect. The adsorption isotherm data of PRO by biochars were best fitted with the Freundlich model, indicating that the adsorption process is heterogeneous adsorption. The adsorption kinetics were fitted well with the pseudo-second-order model. All the results can provide new information into the adsorption behavior of PRO and the biochars in the aquatic environment and a theoretical basis for the large-scale application of biochar from agricultural solid wastes.

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“…The maximum permissible concentration of chromium in drinking water recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) is 0.05 ppm. Chromium-containing wastewater is treated using chemical precipitation and coagulation [ 2 , 3 ], electrocoagulation [ 4 , 5 ], electroreduction and membrane separation [ 6 ], ion exchange [ 7 ], and sorption methods [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromium-Modified Heterogeneous Bipolar Membrane: Structure, Characteristics, and Practical Application in Electrodialysis

Козадерова

2023

Membranes

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The modification of an MB-2 bipolar ion exchange membrane with chromium (III) hydroxide was carried out by a chemical method, namely, by the sequential treatment of the membrane with a solution of chromium (III) salt and alkali. Data on the morphology, phase, and chemical composition of the modified membrane were obtained using scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive analysis. In particular, it was shown that the modifier was distributed in a layer 30–50 microns thick at the boundary of the cation- and anion-exchange layers of the bipolar membrane. The electrochemical behavior of the modified membrane in the process of sodium sulfate conversion was studied by measurements of the following characteristics: the current efficiency of the acid and base, the energy consumption of the process, and the degree of contamination of the target products with salt ions. It was shown that the resulting membrane has an alkali and acid yield of 61% and 57%, respectively. This is higher than the same yields for the industrial unmodified MB-2 membrane (38% and 30%). The results of this study demonstrated that the modified samples allowed obtaining a higher yield of acid and base, reducing the content of salt ions in the target products and also reducing the electricity consumption for obtaining a unit of the target product. The concentration dependences of the electrical conductivity of the MK-40 heterogeneous ion-exchange membrane, which is a cation-exchange layer of MB-2, in sodium sulfate solutions before and after its modification with chromium (III) oxide were obtained. A decrease in the specific electrical conductivity of the membrane with the introduction of a modifier was established. A quantitative assessment of the influence of the modifier on the current flow, volume fraction, and spatial orientation of the conductive phases of MK-40 was carried out using an extended three-wire model for the description of the model parameters of ion-exchange materials. When a modifying additive was introduced into MK-40, the fraction of the current passing through the inner solution and the intergel phase decreased. This was due to the substitution of part of the free solution in the pore volume by the modifier. A variant of the practical application of electrodialysis with the chromium-modified bipolar ion-exchange membranes is recommended.

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The Removal of Cr(VI) from Aqueous Solutions with Corn Stalk Biochar

Cited by 7 publications

References 25 publications

Removal of Cr(VI) from Wastewater Using Acrylonitrile Grafted Cellulose Extracted from Sugarcane Bagasse

Removal of Cr(VI) from Wastewater Using Acrylonitrile Grafted Cellulose Extracted from Sugarcane Bagasse

Comparative Study for Propranolol Adsorption on the Biochars from Different Agricultural Solid Wastes

Chromium-Modified Heterogeneous Bipolar Membrane: Structure, Characteristics, and Practical Application in Electrodialysis

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