The Research Progress of TiB&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; Impacts on the Refining Effect of Al-Ti-B Master Alloy

Li, Mi; Wang, Jun Jun; Hu, Zhi Liu

doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.574.391

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…This greatly improves the mechanical and physical properties of aluminum and aluminum alloys [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ]. The refinement mechanisms of Al–Ti–B Master Alloy are complicated and mainly include carbide–boride particle theory [ 6 ], peritectic reaction theory [ 7 ], peritectic hulk theory [ 8 ], and the duplex nucleation mechanism [ 9 ]. Of these, the duplex nucleation theory has attracted extensive attention [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological Evolution of TiB2 and TiAl3 in Al–Ti–B Master Alloy Using Different Ti Adding Routes

Zhao

Li³

et al. 2022

Materials

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Three different Ti addition routes were used to prepare an Al–5Ti–B Master Alloy: the halide salt route, the Ti-sponge route, and the partial Ti-sponge route. In the halide salt route, the raw materials were Al + KBF4 + K2TiF6; K2TiF6 was completely replaced by pure titanium for the Ti-sponge route versus the halide salt route; in the partial Ti-sponge route, K2TiF6 was partially replaced by pure titanium. Here, 30% Ti-sponge or 60% Ti-sponge route means that 30% or 60% K2TiF6 was replaced by pure titanium, respectively. The above Ti addition routes have a significant influence on the growth pattern and morphological evolution of TiAl3 and TiB2, which greatly affect the refining performance of Al–Ti–B Master Alloy. When using the halide salt route, a streamlined “rich Ti, B area” exists in the aluminum melt, which is a complex compound of (Tix, Al1−x) By. The “rich Ti, B area” is essential for the nucleation and growth of TiAl3 and TiB2. Blocky TiAl3 was obtained and its average size was 4.7 μm based on the halide salt route. In the Ti-sponge route, the nucleation of TiAl3 mainly depends on the mutual diffusion of Al and Ti, and TiAlx forms around pure Ti particles, i.e., the so-called Ti–TiAlx mechanism. The average size of the blocky TiAl3 was 9.8 μm based on the Ti–TiAlx mechanism. For the partial Ti-sponge route, the “rich Ti, B area” gradually decreases with the increase in Ti powder’s contents, and large TiAl3 coexists with the small TiAl3. Compared with the Ti-sponge route, the halide salt route can form smaller TiAl3. In the Ti-sponge route, there is a small amount of “rich Ti, B area” due to the influence of the Ti–TiAlx mechanism, which does not meet the requirements of TiB2 growth. In the halide salt route, there is sufficient “rich Ti, B area”, which is conducive to the formation of TiB2. Both the crystal defects and the crowded growth environment caused by the “rich Ti, B area” are fundamental reasons for the fragility and the irregular shape of the TiB2. The refining effect of the Al–Ti–B Master Alloy prepared by the halide salt route is better than the Ti-sponge route. The refining effect of 30% Ti-sponge route is better than that of Ti-sponge route and worse than that of halide salt route.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological Evolution of TiB2 and TiAl3 in Al–Ti–B Master Alloy Using Different Ti Adding Routes

Zhao

Li³

et al. 2022

Materials

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“…In order to improve the mechanical properties of these alloys, several alloying elements are added. The typical addition is Al-Ti-B which refines the microstructure to achieve more globular, finer and homogeneously distributed dendrites [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. Ultrasonic vibration has also been applied in order to refine the microstructure [11][12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Sr and Ti Addition on the Corrosion Behaviour of Al-7Si-0.3Mg Alloy

Uludağ¹,

Kocabaş²,

Dışpınar³

et al. 2017

Archives of Foundry Engineering

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In the present study, the corrosion behaviour of A356 (Al-7Si-0.3Mg) alloy in 3.5% NaCl solution has been evaluated using cyclic/potentiodynamic polarization tests. The alloy was provided in the unmodified form and it was then modified with AlTi5B1 for grain refinement and with AlSr15 for Si modifications. These modifications yield to better mechanical properties. Tensile tests were performed. In addition, bifilm index and SDAS values were calculated and microstructure of the samples was investigated. As a result of the corrosion test, the Ecorr values for all conditions were determined approximately equal, and the samples were pitted rapidly. The degassing of the melt decreased the bifilm index (i.e. higher melt quality) and thereby the corrosion resistance was increased. The lowest corrosion rate was founded at degassing and as-received condition (3.9x10-3mm/year). However, additive elements do not show the effect which degassing process shows.

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Insights into Poisoning Mechanism of Zr by First Principle Calculation on Adhesion Work and Adsorption Energy between TiB2, Al3Ti, and Al3Zr

Ruan

Chen

et al. 2022

Metals

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Al-Ti-B intermediate alloys are widely used as grain refiners in aluminum alloys owing to the presence of Al3Ti and TiB2 phases. However, the existence of Zr in aluminum alloy melts often results in coarse grain size, leading to Al-Ti-B failure called Zr poisoning. There are three kinds of poisoning mechanisms related to TiB2, Al3Ti, and a combination of TiB2 and Al3Ti for Zr. First, Zr forms ZrB2 or Ti2Zr with TiB2 in Al-Ti-B to reduce the nucleation ability. Second, Zr existing in the aluminum melt with a high melting point Al3Zr then attracts Ti to reduce the dispersion of Ti as a growth inhibitor. Third, Zr reacts with Al3Ti on TiB2 surface to form Al3Zr, thereby increasing the degree of mismatch with Al and diminishing the refiner’s ability as a nucleation substrate. To gain a better understanding of the mechanism of Zr poisoning, the first principle was used in this study to calculate the adhesion works (ZrB2∥Al3Ti), (Ti2Zr∥Al3Ti), (Al3Zr∥Al3Ti), (Al3Ti∥Al), (TiB2∥Al3Zr), and (Al3Zr∥Al), as well as the surface energy of Al3Zr and adsorption energies of Al to Al3Ti or Al3Zr. The results demonstrated that Zr poisoning originated from the second guess. Zr element exiting in aluminum melt led to the formation of an Al3Zr (001) surface. The interfacial adhesion work of Al3Zr (001)∥Al3Ti (001) was not weaker than that of TiB2∥Al3Ti. As a result, Al3Zr first combined with Al3Ti to significantly decline the adsorption of Al3Ti (001) on Al, losing its role as a nucleating agent and grain coarsening. Overall, to prevent failure of the grain refiner in Zr containing aluminum melt, the adhesion work interface between the generated phase of the grain refiner and Al3Zr must remain lower to avoid the combination of the generated phase of grain refiner with Al3Zr. In sum, these findings look promising for evaluating future effects of grain refinement in Zr containing aluminum melt.

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The Research Progress of TiB<sub>2</sub> Impacts on the Refining Effect of Al-Ti-B Master Alloy

Cited by 3 publications

References 8 publications

Morphological Evolution of TiB2 and TiAl3 in Al–Ti–B Master Alloy Using Different Ti Adding Routes

Morphological Evolution of TiB2 and TiAl3 in Al–Ti–B Master Alloy Using Different Ti Adding Routes

Effect of Sr and Ti Addition on the Corrosion Behaviour of Al-7Si-0.3Mg Alloy

Insights into Poisoning Mechanism of Zr by First Principle Calculation on Adhesion Work and Adsorption Energy between TiB2, Al3Ti, and Al3Zr

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