The respiratory microbiome and metabolome in chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis

Invernizzi, Rachele; Hewitt, Richard; Ghai, Poonam; Swann, J; Wu, Benjamin; Byrne, Adam; Maher, T.M.; Lloyd, Clare; Molyneaux, Philip L.

doi:10.1183/23120541.lsc-2020.35

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Hypersensitivity pneumonitis is another ILD that very few studies have explored; in this disease, there is an increase in the Staphylococcus genus, and patients have lower bacterial alpha diversity compared to those with IPF [73]. In sarcoidosis, just a few years ago, Atopobium spp.…”

Section: Pulmonary Microbiome In Interstitial Lung Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lung Microbiome Participation in Local Immune Response Regulation in Respiratory Diseases

et al. 2020

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The lung microbiome composition has critical implications in the regulation of innate and adaptive immune responses. Next-generation sequencing techniques have revolutionized the understanding of pulmonary physiology and pathology. Currently, it is clear that the lung is not a sterile place; therefore, the investigation of the participation of the pulmonary microbiome in the presentation, severity, and prognosis of multiple pathologies, such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and interstitial lung diseases, contributes to a better understanding of the pathophysiology. Dysregulation of microbiota components in the microbiome–host interaction is associated with multiple lung pathologies, severity, and prognosis, making microbiome study a useful tool for the identification of potential therapeutic strategies. This review integrates the findings regarding the activation and regulation of the innate and adaptive immune response pathways according to the microbiome, including microbial patterns that could be characteristic of certain diseases. Further studies are required to verify whether the microbial profile and its metabolites can be used as biomarkers of disease progression or poor prognosis and to identify new therapeutic targets that restore lung dysbiosis safely and effectively.

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Section: Pulmonary Microbiome In Interstitial Lung Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lung Microbiome Participation in Local Immune Response Regulation in Respiratory Diseases

et al. 2020

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“…Recently, many studies have used 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing technology to explore lung microbiota in healthy persons and interstitial disease [16]. Dysbiosis of the lung microbiome could influence the occurrence and evolution of ILD [17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…IPF is not simply the direct result of architectural distortion and parenchymal destruction; microbiota change could influence the immune system, systemic and local inflammation, and, consequently, the progression and maintenance of pulmonary fibrosis. Discussions between different microbiota of the same or different organs could underlie the understanding of local anarchic dysfunctions [16,17]. Microbial-host interactions are essential in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis, as is suggested by the lung dysbiosis and peripheral blood mononuclear cell transcriptomic expression of immune pathways [13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lung Microbiota in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis, Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis, and Unclassified Interstitial Lung Diseases: A Preliminary Pilot Study

Man,

Ungur,

Motoc

et al. 2023

Diagnostics

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(1) Introduction: Although historically, the lung has been considered a sterile organ, recent studies through 16S rRNA gene sequencing have identified a substantial number of microorganisms. The human microbiome has been considered an “essential organ,” carrying about 150 times more information (genes) than are found in the entire human genome. The purpose of the present study is to characterize and compare the microbiome in three different interstitial lung diseases: idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), hypersensitivity pneumonitis, and nondifferential interstitial lung disease. (2) Material and methods: This was a prospective cohort study where the DNA of 28 patients with ILD was extracted from the lavage and then processed using the standard technique of 16S RNA gene sequencing. In a tertiary teaching hospital in the northern, western part of Romania, samples were collected through bronchoscopy and then processed. (3) Results: The same four species were found in all the patients but in different quantities and compositions: Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria and Bacteroides. Streptococcus was the most prevalent genus, followed by Staphylococcus and Prevotella. Statistically significant differences in the OUT count for the ten most abundant taxa were found for the genus: Gemella, Actinobacteria, Prevotella, Neisseria, Haemophilus, and Bifidobacterium. The comparative analysis showed a richer microbiota in patients with IPF, as shown by the alpha diversity index. (4) Conclusions: In interstitial lung diseases, the microorganisms normally found in the lung are reduced to a restricted flora dominated by the Firmicutes family. These changes significantly disrupt the continuity of the observed bacterial pattern from the oropharynx to the bronchial tree and lung, possibly impacting the evolution and severity of interstitial lung diseases.

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The respiratory microbiome and metabolome in chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Lung Microbiome Participation in Local Immune Response Regulation in Respiratory Diseases

Lung Microbiome Participation in Local Immune Response Regulation in Respiratory Diseases

Lung Microbiota in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis, Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis, and Unclassified Interstitial Lung Diseases: A Preliminary Pilot Study

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