The Response of Kenyan Kala-Azar to Treatment with Sodium Stibogluconate

Ph, Rees; Pa, Kager; Bt, Wellde; Wt, Hockmeyer

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.1984.33.357

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…1.5 ). After recovery from infection, VL patients may develop a chronic form of CL i.e., PKDL which is developed in about 10 % of kala-azar patients generally 1 or 2 years after completion of sodium antimony gluconate (SAG) treatment and requires a long and expensive treatment (Rees et al 1984 ;Salotra and Singh 2006 ). …”

Section: Visceral Leishmaniasis (Vl) or Kala-azar (Ka)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Leishmania and Leishmaniasis

Kumar

2013

SpringerBriefs in Immunology

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Section: Visceral Leishmaniasis (Vl) or Kala-azar (Ka)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Leishmania and Leishmaniasis

Kumar

2013

SpringerBriefs in Immunology

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“…Two studies described transfusion among pregnant women: in a patient (1/16) in a study from Kenya (transfused at 3.2 g/dL) 21 and all patients (100%, 42/42) in another study on VL in pregnant women from Sudan (transfusion based on severe anaemia) 22 . In 3 studies that explicitly enrolled children <15 years, of the 112 enrolled, 29 required transfusions (Table 2 and supplemental table 1); the criteria for transfusion was Hb concentration <4 g/dL along pre-existing hemorrhagic problems in a study from India 23 and this unclear in studies from Yemen 24 and East Africa 20 .…”

Section: The Number Of Blood Transfusions Reported (N=10 Studies)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood transfusion in care of patients with Visceral Leishmaniasis: a review of practices in therapeutic efficacy studies

Dahal,

Singh-Phulgenda,

Wilson

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Anaemia is a common presentation feature in patients with visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Blood transfusion remains an important aspect of patient management in VL. However, triggers considered for making decisions on transfusion are poorly understood. This review is based on the Infectious Diseases Data Observatory (IDDO) VL clinical trials library, a database of all published efficacy studies since 1980 and has indexed 160 published trials (1980–2021). Description of blood transfusion was reported in 16 (10.1%) trials (n=3,459 patients). Transfusion was initiated solely based on haemoglobin (Hb) measurement in 9 studies, using a combination of Hb and other health conditions (epistaxis, poor health, or clinical instability) in 3 studies, and the criteria was unclear in 4 studies; Hb threshold ranged from 3-8 g/dL. Overall, the number of patients receiving transfusion was explicitly reported in 10 trials (n=2,421 patients enrolled). Of these, 217 patients underwent transfusion; 58 before treatment initiation and 46 during treatment or the follow-up phase, and the time of transfusion was unclear in 113. The median proportion of patients who received a transfusion in a study was 8.0% [Interquartile range (IQR): 4.7% to 47.2%; range: 0-100%; n=10 studies]. This review describes the variation in current clinical practice and is an important initial step in policy/guideline development, where both the patient’s haemoglobin concentration and clinical status must be considered.

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“…There are more than 21 morphologically indistinguishable species of Leishmania that infect humans. Conventionally, they are classified and named mainly according to their geographical distribution and clinical characteristics of the disease where they affected [15][16][17][18] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virtual screening and molecular docking of Anti-Antileishmanial for selected pharmacophore for visceral Leishmaniasis

Rana¹,

Sivaperumal²

2018

J. Drug Delivery Ther.

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Objective: DNA amplification of Cysteine protease of Leishmania donovani and study the interaction of cysteine protease inhibitors, antileishmanial compounds with cysteine protease receptor in various computational programs. Materials and methods: Cysteine protease DNA of Leishmania donovani was amplified by PCR. The sequence of cysteine protease has been modeled and docked with suitable inhibitors by using various servers and computational tools. The model was designed, compared and validated by DOPE and Verify 3D scores. The model and the compound interaction were studied by LibDock and other programs. Results: Cysteine protease DNA of Leishmania donovani was successfully amplified by PCR. The structural modeling was done to achieve effective enzyme inhibition, inhibitors block the binding sites of that protein. Homology modeling of cysteine protease has been done and docked with suitable inhibitors by using various servers and computational tools. The model was designed, compared and validated by DOPE and Verify 3D scores by using DSv3.5. Licochalcone-a alone showed 37 LibDock conformations with 6 different poses, were suitably docked at the site 1 with hydrogen bond formation. The study would help to design the novel drugs in respect of resistant one for the treatment of harmful visceral Leishmaniasis. Conclusion: The molecular interaction of vinyl sulfones, hydrazide derivatives, antileishmanial drugs molecules and carbohydrazide derivatives have exhibited ideal molecular interaction with cathepsin B, a cysteine protease of L. donovani, amino acids such as Cys29, Hisl88 and Asn208 has been found to be active residues. Licochalcone-a and hydrazide derivative may become future antileishmanial compounds, which needs to be tested in in vitro and in vivo. Keywords: Cysteine Protease, Vinyl Sulfone, Hydrazide, Antileishmanial Drugs, Licochalcone, Visceral Leishmaniasis.

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The Response of Kenyan Kala-Azar to Treatment with Sodium Stibogluconate

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Leishmania and Leishmaniasis

Leishmania and Leishmaniasis

Blood transfusion in care of patients with Visceral Leishmaniasis: a review of practices in therapeutic efficacy studies

Virtual screening and molecular docking of Anti-Antileishmanial for selected pharmacophore for visceral Leishmaniasis

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