The Retinotopic Organization of Striate Cortex Is Well Predicted by Surface Topology

Benson, Noah C.; Butt, Omar H.; Datta, Ritobrato; Radoeva, Petya D.; Brainard, David H.; Aguirre, Geoffrey K.

doi:10.1016/j.cub.2012.09.014

Cited by 235 publications

(285 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Prior work has shown that the 10 V1-V3 maps have highly regular topography and are well aligned to measures of anatomy, such as 11 surface curvature (Hinds et al, 2008;Benson et al, 2012;2014) and myelination (Abdollahi et al, 2014), 12 and to measures of function such as resting-state connectivity (Raemaekers et al, 2014; Bock et al, 13 2015). Therefore, these maps are likely to be well aligned across subjects, and averaging will preserve 14 many of the retinotopic features found in the maps of individual subjects.…”

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confidence: 95%

“…By providing the parameters of the solved 10 models, we substantially lower the barrier to entry for scientists to make use of the dataset. 11 12Size and quality of the HCP 7T Retinotopy Dataset 13 14Although researchers frequently collect, and occasionally make public, retinotopy datasets, such datasets 15 have generally included no more than 20 subjects (e.g., Benson et al, 2012). To the best of our 16 knowledge, the HCP 7T Retinotopy Dataset is the largest publicly available dataset by an order of 17 magnitude.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Although researchers frequently collect, and occasionally make public, retinotopy datasets, such datasets 15 have generally included no more than 20 subjects (e.g., Benson et al, 2012). To the best of our 16 knowledge, the HCP 7T Retinotopy Dataset is the largest publicly available dataset by an order of 17 magnitude.…”

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The HCP 7T Retinotopy Dataset: Description and pRF Analysis

Benson

Arcaro

et al. 2018

Preprint

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About a quarter of human cerebral cortex is tiled with maps of the visual field. These maps can be 3 measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while subjects view spatially modulated 4 visual stimuli, also known as 'retinotopic mapping'. One of the datasets collected by the Human 5Connectome Project (HCP) involved ultra-high-field (7 Tesla) fMRI retinotopic mapping in 181 healthy 6 adults (1.6-mm resolution), yielding the largest freely available collection of retinotopy data. Here, we 7 describe the experimental paradigm and the results of model-based analysis of the fMRI data. These 8 results provide estimates of population receptive field position and size. Our analyses include both results 9 from individual subjects as well as results obtained by averaging fMRI time-series across subjects at each 10 cortical and subcortical location and then fitting models. Both the group-average and individual-subject 11 results reveal robust signals across much of the brain, including occipital, temporal, parietal, and frontal 12 cortex as well as subcortical areas. The group-average results agree well with previously published 13 parcellations of visual areas. In addition, split-half analyses demonstrate strong within-subject reliability, 14 further evidencing the high quality of the data. We make publicly available the analysis results for 15 individual subjects and the group average, as well as associated stimuli and analysis code. These 16 resources provide an opportunity for studying fine-scale individual variability in cortical and subcortical 17 organization and the properties of high-resolution fMRI. In addition, they provide a measure that can be 18 combined with other HCP measures acquired in these same participants. This enables comparisons 19 across groups, health, and age, and comparison of organization derived from a retinotopic task against 20 that derived from other measurements such as diffusion imaging and resting-state functional connectivity. 21 22. CC-BY 4.0 International license It is made available under a (which was not peer-reviewed) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity.The copyright holder for this preprint . http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/308247 doi: bioRxiv preprint first posted online Apr. 25, 2018; 3 Introduction 1 2The central nervous system maps sensory inputs onto topographically organized representations. In the 3 field of vision, researchers have successfully exploited functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to 4 noninvasively measure visual field representations ('retinotopy') in the living human brain (Engel et al., 5 1994;Sereno et al., 1995; DeYoe et al., 1996; Engel et al., 1997). These efforts enable parcellation of 6 visual cortex into distinct maps of the visual field, thereby laying the foundation for detailed investigations 7 of the properties of visual cortex (parcellation references: Abdollahi et al., 2014;Benson et al., 2014; 8 Wang et al., 2015; review references: Tootell et al., 1996;Wandell et...

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The HCP 7T Retinotopy Dataset: Description and pRF Analysis

Benson

Arcaro

et al. 2018

Preprint

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“…The increased power of computational methods now permits investigators to develop and share algorithms that reliably define important anatomical features. There are algorithms for identifying major white-matter fascicles (77)(78)(79)(80), parcellating the cortical surface (81,82), and establishing cytoarchitectonic divisions in stained sections of cortex (83). In this work, we developed a reliable and automated definition of the VOF.…”

Section: Dorsal Vof Endpoints Project To the Transverse Occipital Sulcusmentioning

confidence: 99%

The vertical occipital fasciculus: A century of controversy resolved by in vivo measurements

Yeatman

Weiner

Pestilli

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The vertical occipital fasciculus (VOF) is the only major fiber bundle connecting dorsolateral and ventrolateral visual cortex. Only a handful of studies have examined the anatomy of the VOF or its role in cognition in the living human brain. Here, we trace the contentious history of the VOF, beginning with its original discovery in monkey by Wernicke (1881) and in human by Obersteiner (1888), to its disappearance from the literature, and recent reemergence a century later. We introduce an algorithm to identify the VOF in vivo using diffusion-weighted imaging and tractography, and show that the VOF can be found in every hemisphere (n = 74). Quantitative T1 measurements demonstrate that tissue properties, such as myelination, in the VOF differ from neighboring white-matter tracts. The terminations of the VOF are in consistent positions relative to cortical folding patterns in the dorsal and ventral visual streams. Recent findings demonstrate that these same anatomical locations also mark cytoarchitectonic and functional transitions in dorsal and ventral visual cortex. We conclude that the VOF is likely to serve a unique role in the communication of signals between regions on the ventral surface that are important for the perception of visual categories (e.g., words, faces, bodies, etc.) and regions on the dorsal surface involved in the control of eye movements, attention, and motion perception. T he vertical occipital fasciculus (VOF) is the only major fiber bundle connecting dorsal and ventral regions of occipital, parietal, and temporal cortex. The signals carried by the VOF are likely to play an essential role in an array of visual and cognitive functions. Characterizing the VOF connections and tissue structure in the living human brain is important for the study of human vision and cognitive neuroscience alike.Carl Wernicke discovered the VOF (1). For the next 30 y, the VOF was included in many major neuroanatomy atlases and journal articles (1-14). However, Wernicke's study contradicted a widely accepted principle of white-matter organization proposed by Meynert, Wernicke's mentor. Over the subsequent decades, there emerged a camp of neuroanatomists who acknowledged Wernicke's discovery and another group that, like Meynert, disregarded the discovery. Due to its controversial beginnings, haphazard naming convention, and the difficulty of standardizing postmortem procedures, the VOF largely disappeared from the literature for most of the next century. A century later, Yeatman et al. (15) rediscovered the VOF using diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI); they were the first to characterize the VOF cortical projections in the living, behaving, human brain.Why would such an important pathway disappear from the literature for so long? The disappearance can be traced to controversies and confusions among some of the most prominent neuroanatomists of the 19th century (1-13, 16-18). Modern, in vivo, MRI measurements and algorithms allow for precise, reproducible, scalable computations that can resolve these cen...

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“…Critically, we show changes in white matter tissue properties within the optic radiation that are specific to fascicles projecting from central, foveal locations, those with retinal damage. To do so, we performed an advanced, anatomically precise characterization of the relationship between the locus of retinal damage in AMD (fovea) and the white matter fascicles within the optic radiation projecting to locations of primary visual cortex that represent different eccentricities-fovea, parafoveal and peripheral regions combining anatomical and advanced computational methods (Benson et al 2012(Benson et al , 2014. This fine grade mapping between the retinotopic location of damage and white matter goes beyond previous reports (Prins et al 2016a, b;Hernowo et al 2014;Malania et al 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-related macular degeneration affects the optic radiation white matter projecting to locations of retinal damage

et al. 2018

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We investigated the impact of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) on visual acuity and the visual white matter. We combined an adaptive cortical atlas and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) and tractography to separate optic radiation (OR) projections to different retinal eccentricities in human primary visual cortex. We exploited the known anatomical organization of the OR and clinically relevant data to segment the OR into three primary components projecting to fovea, mid-and far-periphery. We measured white matter tissue properties-fractional anisotropy, linearity, planarity, sphericity-along the aforementioned three components of the optic radiation to compare AMD patients and controls. We found differences in white matter properties specific to OR white matter fascicles projecting to primary visual cortex locations corresponding to the location of retinal damage (fovea). Additionally, we show that the magnitude of white matter properties in AMD patients' correlates with visual acuity. In sum, we demonstrate a specific relation between visual loss, anatomical location of retinal damage and white matter damage in AMD patients. Importantly, we demonstrate that these changes are so profound that can be detected using magnetic resonance imaging data with clinical resolution. The conserved mapping between retinal and white matter damage suggests that retinal neurodegeneration might be a primary cause of white matter degeneration in AMD patients. The results highlight the impact of eye disease on brain tissue, a process that may become an important target to monitor during the course of treatment.

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The Retinotopic Organization of Striate Cortex Is Well Predicted by Surface Topology

Cited by 235 publications

References 28 publications

The HCP 7T Retinotopy Dataset: Description and pRF Analysis

The HCP 7T Retinotopy Dataset: Description and pRF Analysis

The vertical occipital fasciculus: A century of controversy resolved by in vivo measurements

Age-related macular degeneration affects the optic radiation white matter projecting to locations of retinal damage

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