The reverse motion illusion in random dot motion displays and implications for understanding development

Manning, Catherine; Meier, Kimberly

doi:10.47691/joi.v3.7916

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 58 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Reverse motion perception has been observed widely with RDK stimuli, and occasionally with sinusoidal gratings. A small number of observers (usually less than 15%) may consistently perceive motion in the opposite direction to the actual dot motion [ 51 ]. Even with RDKs of 100% coherence, similar to the stimuli used in the current study, observers can still show reverse motion perception [ 52 – 54 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The probability of perceiving the actual motion direction presented in an RDK, or the opposite or orthogonal direction, corresponds to the relative strength of motion energy in all perceived directions [ 55 ]. Even RDKs of 100% coherence could contain motion energy in the opposite direction, which might contribute to the reverse motion perception [ 51 ]. The motion energy analysis for our stimuli shows that the net motion energy of retinal images along the vertical dimension was in the opposite direction to internal motion ( S2 Fig ), which could be a source of ambiguity in the direction signal.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Tracking and perceiving diverse motion signals: Directional biases in human smooth pursuit and perception

Spering

2022

PLoS ONE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Human smooth pursuit eye movements and motion perception behave similarly when observers track and judge the motion of simple objects, such as dots. But moving objects in our natural environment are complex and contain internal motion. We ask how pursuit and perception integrate the motion of objects with motion that is internal to the object. Observers (n = 20) tracked a moving random-dot kinematogram with their eyes and reported the object’s perceived direction. Objects moved horizontally with vertical shifts of 0, ±3, ±6, or ±9° and contained internal dots that were static or moved ±90° up/down. Results show that whereas pursuit direction was consistently biased in the direction of the internal dot motion, perceptual biases differed between observers. Interestingly, the perceptual bias was related to the magnitude of the pursuit bias (r = 0.75): perceptual and pursuit biases were directionally aligned in observers that showed a large pursuit bias, but went in opposite directions in observers with a smaller pursuit bias. Dissociations between perception and pursuit might reflect different functional demands of the two systems. Pursuit integrates all available motion signals in order to maximize the ability to monitor and collect information from the whole scene. Perception needs to recognize and classify visual information, thus segregating the target from its context. Ambiguity in whether internal motion is part of the scene or contributes to object motion might have resulted in individual differences in perception. The perception-pursuit correlation suggests shared early-stage motion processing or perception-pursuit interactions.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracking and perceiving diverse motion signals: Directional biases in human smooth pursuit and perception

Spering

2022

PLoS ONE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…They also showed that confidence was higher for responses in the antipodal (±π) direction than in orthogonal (±π/2) directions. Manning et al (2022) reviewed a collection of studies, including conference presentations and informal reports of experiments carried out with both adult participants and children, which found that participants in the RDM task sometimes report seeing antipodal motion even when the motion is 100% coherent. They remarked that the phenomenon seems to have been observed much more widely than has been reported in the literature.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Diffusion theory of the antipodal “shadow” mode in continuous-outcome, coherent-motion decisions.

Smith¹,

Corbett²,

Lilburn³

2023

Psychological Review

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Continuous-outcome decisions, in which responses are made on continuous scales, are increasingly used to study perception and memory for stimulus attributes like color, orientation, and motion. This interest has led to the development of models of continuous-outcome decision processes like the circular diffusion model that predict joint distributions of decision outcomes and response times (RTs). We use the circular diffusion model and a new spherical generalization of it to model performance in a continuous-outcome version of the random-dot motion task. The task is a benchmark test of decision models because it yields bimodal distributions of decision outcomes: In addition to a peak or mode in the true direction of motion, there is a secondary, antipodal, mode at 180° to the true direction. Models like the circular diffusion model, in which evidence is accumulated by a single process, are thought to be unable to predict bimodality. We compared diffusion models for the continuous motion task in which evidence is accumulated in either a two-dimensional (2D) or a three-dimensional (3D) representational space. We found that performance was well described by a spherical (3D) diffusion model in which the drift rate encodes perceived motion direction and strength and the points on the bounding sphere representing the decision criterion are projected onto a 2D circle to make a response. A model with an antipodal component of drift rate and drift-rate variability successfully predicted bimodal distributions of decision outcomes and the joint distributions of decision outcomes and RT for individual participants.

show abstract

“…Despite the clear evidence for ROOD responses both from the data ( Figures 3 , 4 , 6 , and 7 ) and subjective reports, there were not sufficient trials to assess additional properties of these responses, especially whether they vary with direction. Further research would be needed to shine light on the nature of this phenomenon ( Manning, Meier, & Giaschi, 2022 ), for example, by maximizing the number of ROOD by focusing on fewer conditions ( Bae & Luck, 2022 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychophysics and computational modeling of feature-continuous motion perception

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sensory decision-making is frequently studied using categorical tasks, even though the feature space of most stimuli is continuous. Recently, it has become more common to measure feature perception in a gradual fashion, say when studying motion perception across the full space of directions. However, continuous reports can be contaminated by perceptual or motor biases. Here, we examined such biases on perceptual reports by comparing two response methods. With the first method, participants reported motion direction in a motor reference frame by moving a trackball. With the second method, participants used a perceptual frame of reference with a perceptual comparison stimulus. We tested biases using three different versions of random dot kinematograms. We found strong and systematic biases in responses when reporting the direction in a motor frame of reference. For the perceptual frame of reference, these systematic biases were not evident. Independent of the response method, we also detected a systematic misperception where subjects sometimes confuse the physical stimulus direction with its opposite direction. This was confirmed using a von Mises mixture model that estimated the contribution of veridical perception, misperception, and guessing. Importantly, the more sensitive perceptual reporting method revealed that, with increasing levels of sensory evidence, perceptual performance increases not only in the form of higher detection probability, but under certain conditions also in the form of increased precision.

show abstract

The reverse motion illusion in random dot motion displays and implications for understanding development

Cited by 8 publications

References 58 publications

Tracking and perceiving diverse motion signals: Directional biases in human smooth pursuit and perception

Tracking and perceiving diverse motion signals: Directional biases in human smooth pursuit and perception

Diffusion theory of the antipodal “shadow” mode in continuous-outcome, coherent-motion decisions.

Psychophysics and computational modeling of feature-continuous motion perception

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About