The Rhythm of Modernization: How Values Change over Time

Tormos, Raül

doi:10.1163/9789004411913

Cited by 20 publications

(44 citation statements)

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“…In principle, it may be possible to compare quantitatively the relative strengths of cognitive factors ( α s in my models), of learning from others ( β s) and of complying with authority ( γ s). Existing surveys that correlate different characteristics of societies with the tightness–looseness of their norms (Gelfand et al, 2011; Harrington and Gelfand, 2014; Chua et al, 2019; Jackson et al, 2020) as well as studies of how values and social preferences change over time (Tormos, 2020; Kiley and Vaisey, 2020; Böhm et al, 2021) offer additional opportunities to test my models.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coevolution of actions, personal norms and beliefs about others in social dilemmas

Gavrilets

2021

Evolut. Hum. Sci.

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Human decision-making is affected by a diversity of factors including material cost-benefit considerations, normative and cultural influences, learning, and conformity with peers and external authorities (e.g., cultural, religious, political, organizational). Also important are their dynamically changing personal perception of the situation and beliefs about actions and expectations of others as well as psychological phenomena such as cognitive dissonance, and social projection. To better understand these processes, I develop a unifying modeling framework describing the joint dynamics of actions and attitudes of individuals and their beliefs about actions and attitudes of their groupmates. I consider which norms get internalized and which factors control beliefs about others. I predict that the long-term average characteristics of groups are largely determined by a balance between material payoffs and the values promoted by the external authority. Variation around these averages largely reflects variation in individual costs and benefits mediated by individual psychological characteristics. The efforts of an external authority to change the group behavior in a certain direction can, counter-intuitively, have an opposite effect on individual behavior. I consider how various factors can affect differences between groups and societies in tightness/looseness of their social norms. I show that the most important factors are social heterogeneity, societal threat, effects of the authority, cultural variation in the degree of collectivism/individualism, the population size, and the subsistence style. My results can be useful for achieving a better understanding of human social behavior, historical and current social processes, and in developing more efficient policies aiming to modify social behavior.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coevolution of actions, personal norms and beliefs about others in social dilemmas

Gavrilets

2021

Evolut. Hum. Sci.

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“…In principle, it may be possible to compare quantitatively the relative strengths of cognitive factors (α's in my models), of learning from others (β's), and of complying with authority (γ's). Existing surveys that correlate different characteristics of societies with tightness-looseness of their norms (82)(83)(84)(85) as well as studies of how values and social preferences change over time (106)(107)(108) offer additional opportunities to test my models.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coevolution of actions, personal norms, and beliefs about others in social dilemmas

Gavrilets¹

2021

Preprint

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Human decision-making is affected by a diversity of factors including material cost-benefit considerations, normative and cultural influences, learning, and conformity with peers and external authorities (e.g., cultural, religious, political, organizational). Also important are their dynamically changing personal perception of the situation and beliefs about actions and expectations of others as well as psychological phenomena such as cognitive dissonance, and social projection. To better understand these processes, I develop a modeling framework describing the joint dynamics of actions and attitudes of individuals and their beliefs about actions and attitudes of their group-mates. I consider which norms get internalized and which factors control beliefs about others. I predict that the long-term average characteristics of groups are largely determined by a balance between material payoffs and the values promoted by the external authority. Variation around these averages largely reflects variation in individual costs and benefits mediated by individual psychological characteristics. The efforts of an external authority to change the group behavior in a certain direction can, counter-intuitively, have an opposite effect on individual behavior. I consider how various factors can affect differences between groups and societies in tightness/looseness of their social norms. I show that the most important factors are social heterogeneity, societal threat, effects of the authority, cultural variation in the degree of collectivism/individualism, the population size, and the subsistence style. My results can be useful for achieving a better understanding of human social behavior, historical and current social processes, and in developing more efficient policies aiming to modify social behavior

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“…Work in the cognitive social sciences in this area is vast (see Henrich 2015;Mesoudi 2011) and cultural sociologists have much to learn and to contribute. Some integration is happening in this area as sociologists begin combining demographic ageperiod-cohort models with theories of cultural evolution (Tormos 2020;Vaisey and Kiley 2021). Some of this research suggests that simple evolutionary models might be insufficient if actors have a "sensitive period" where they are more open to influence.…”

Section: Cultural Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Welcome to the Real World: Escaping the Sociology of Culture and Cognition

Vaisey

2021

Sociological Forum

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In this article, I argue that the sociology of culture and cognition is a virtual world and that-although it will be painful-we should try to escape it. This will involve engaging in true interdisciplinary work rather than in a pretense of it. To illustrate my argument, I focus on a particular case study-the study of values. I then examine more general (non-topic-specific) mechanisms that dissuade sociologists from doing truly interdisciplinary work. I will conclude by outlining some possibilities that I believe we are currently missing.

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The Rhythm of Modernization: How Values Change over Time

Cited by 20 publications

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Coevolution of actions, personal norms and beliefs about others in social dilemmas

Coevolution of actions, personal norms and beliefs about others in social dilemmas

Coevolution of actions, personal norms, and beliefs about others in social dilemmas

Welcome to the Real World: Escaping the Sociology of Culture and Cognition

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