“…When adults speak to infants, they typically produce utterances that have prosodic features that are dissimilar to those produced in conversations among adults (Snow & Ferguson, 1977). Many studies have examined the physical characteristics of this infant-directed (ID) speech and the cultural and interactional contexts in which various ID speech patterns are used by parents (Fernald, 1989; Fernald, Kermanschachi, & Lees, 1984; Fernald & Simon, 1984; Fernald et al, 1989; Papousek, Papousek, & Haekel, 1987; Papousek, Papousek, & Symmes, 1991; Stern, Spieker, & MacKain, 1982). To date, prosodic differences (including differences in mean fundamental frequency [F 0 ], frequency range, and duration) between ID and adult-directed (AD) speech have been empirically documented in French, German, Italian, Mandarin Chinese, and English (Fernald et al, 1989; Grieser & Kuhl, 1988), among other languages.…”