The rise of electrochromics through dynamic QR codes and grayscale images in screen printed passive matrix addressed displays

Abstract

Electronic matrix addressed displays capable of presenting arbitrary grayscale images typically require complex device architectures including switching components to provide unique pixel addressability. Here, we demonstrate high-yield manufacturing of passive matrix addressed electrochromic displays on flexible substrates by solely using screen printing. The simple pixel architecture, obtained by printing only three active layers on top of each other, concurrently provides both the electrochromic functionality and the critical non-linear pixel switching response that enables presentation of arbitrary grayscale images in the resulting passive matrix addressed displays. The all-printed display technology exhibits unprecedented performance and is further verified by dynamic QR codes, to exemplify utilization within authentication, packaging, or other emerging Internet of Things applications requiring a low-cost display for data visualization.

Integration of Screen Printed Piezoelectric Sensors for Force Impact Sensing in Smart Multifunctional Glass Applications

“…To further expand the multifunctionality of the targeted smart windows, a screen printed RISE Display was also laminated between the glass panes. [ 30,31 ] The display, which was designed and utilized mainly for demonstration purposes, contains nine electrochromic segments, e.g., alarm indicator, battery indicator, and the transmittance level of the electrochromic film in the smart window (see Movie S1, Supporting Information for the system initialization of the electrochromic display). Wireless communication between the different silicon‐based electronic circuits of the system was established through a LoRa network, as demonstrated in Movie S2, Supporting Information.…”

All‐Printed Multilayers and Blends of Poly(dioxythiophene) Derivatives Patterned into Flexible Electrochromic Displays

“…This type of display was selected to demonstrate that patterning of the dielectric layer in the stack allows an electrochromic pattern to be visible, similar to previous electrochromic displays developed by RISE. [ 25–27 ] Figure 2B illustrates the screen printed layers within the electrochromic device. Figure 2C shows the optical absorption spectra of only the PProDOT‐Me 2 layer on an FTO substrate.…”

Screen Printed Reflective Electrochromic Displays for Paper and Other Opaque Substrates

“…By patterning the electrochromic display into segments or pixels, more information can be extracted from the devices, such as values from sensor components, battery life, or complex imagery. 30 , 39 …”

“…That being said, the OECD presented in the manuscript is very simple in design, only a circle that shows a light blue or dark blue color depending on the redox state. By patterning the electrochromic display into segments or pixels, more information can be extracted from the devices, such as values from sensor components, battery life, or complex imagery. , …”