The rise of specialty crops in Saskatchewan, 1981–2001

Carlyle, William J.

doi:10.1111/j.0008-3658.2004.00052.x

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…), have become increasingly important summer fallow replacement crops, especially since the early 1990s (Miller et al 2002;Carlyle 2004;Tanaka et al 2010). Advances in water conservation resulting from conservation tillage and no-till adoption have allowed for this change (Cochran et al 2006).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Greening summer fallow with legume green manures: On-farm assessment in north-central Montana

O'Dea¹,

Miller²,

Jones³

2013

Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

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Replacing summer fallow practices with annual legumes as green manures (LGMs) may increase the sustainability of northern Great Plains wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) systems. Viability hinges on soil water use management and realizing biologically fixed nitrogen (N) benefits. Plot-scale research has shown that managing LGMs with first-flower stage termination and no-till practices conserves soil water and that rotational N benefits can increase wheat grain quality. Nonetheless, farmer adoption of LGMs has been negligible. To better understand this practice and its regional adoption potential, we conducted a participatory on-farm assessment of no-till LGM versus summer fallow-wheat rotations in north-central Montana. Soil water and nitrate (NO 3 ) levels to 0.9 m (3 ft), potentially mineralizable N (PMN) to 0.3 m (1 ft), wheat yields, conservation potential, and producer adoption challenges were assessed at five farmer-managed, field-scale sites. Compared to fallow, LGM treatment diminished mean wheat yield by 6% (0.24 Mg ha -1 [3.7 bu ac -1 ]), diminished grain protein by 9 g kg -1 when wheat was fertilized with N (p = 0.01), and increased grain protein by 5 g kg -1 when wheat was unfertilized (p = 0.08). Small soil water depletions in LGM treatments below fallow at wheat seeding (17%; 30 mm [1.2 in]) and near-record high rainfall during the wheat growing season (280 to 380 mm [11 to 14 in]) suggest that LGMs likely did not limit soil water available to wheat in this study. Soil NO 3 levels following LGMs were 29% to 56% less than summer fallow at wheat seeding, and conversely, greater PMN was detected in LGM treatments at 3 of 5 sites. We theorize that N mineralization from LGMs was insubstantial by wheat seeding due to dry soil conditions and low LGM biomass N contributions, consequently affecting wheat yield potential due to limited early season soil N availability.LGMs increased average use efficiency of available N by 24% during the wheat year and increased total residue carbon (C) and N returned to soils by 260 and 26 kg ha -1 (232 and 23 lb ac -1 ), respectively, after two years. Our results illustrated that farmers viably managed LGM soil water use with early termination and no-till practices but that LGM adoption may be hindered by a lack of immediate wheat yield or protein benefits from legume-N and seed costs for LGMs. Appropriate incentives, management strategies, and yield benefit expectations (short versus long term) should be fostered to increase the adoption potential of this N-economizing soil and water conservation strategy.

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confidence: 99%

Greening summer fallow with legume green manures: On-farm assessment in north-central Montana

O'Dea¹,

Miller²,

Jones³

2013

Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

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“…Spring wheat harvested from fields following pulse crops averaged higher yields and protein content than other rotations, even when the same amount of nitrogen was made available for the different crops (Miller et al 2002). Further, instead of fallowing, farmers can plant grain crops after pulse crops to reduce soil degradation and benefit from the income gained from the pulse harvest (Carlyle 2004). These factors combine to make pulses a compelling economic benefit to successful agricultural practices.…”

Section: Agronomic Benefits Of Pulsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Increasing the prevalence of pulse crops could also bring about several other positive environmental changes. Pulse crops enhance soil fertility and reduce greenhouse gas emissions and land clearing as they fix between 70 to 90% of their nitrogen from the air and the rest from the soil (Carlyle 2004). The decrease in emissions resulting from pulse farming could potentially lead to a decrease in global warming, as nitrogen fertilisation is responsible for half of all greenhouse gas emissions within the agricultural sector (Magrini et al 2016).…”

Section: Pulses and Climate Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Attitudes Towards Environmental and Agronomic Benefits of Pulses Among Canadian University Students

Masuda¹

2018

JAS

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An increase in the production and consumption of pulse crops has the potential to improve soil health, decrease greenhouse gas emissions, and mitigate climate change. University students in Canada were surveyed to reveal attitudes and opinions towards the environmental and agronomic benefits of pulse production and consumption in an attempt to determine motivations towards pulse consumption. Results indicated that participants would be more likely to consume pulses because they reduce greenhouse gases (67%), improve soil health and reduce the need for fertilisers (71%), and contribute to sustainable agriculture (71%).

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“…For example, in Saskatchewan, Canada the cultivation of grain legumes has increased remarkably since 1981, and currently Canada is the top producer of lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) in the world (Carlyle 2004, FAOSTAT 2011.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lentil – a promising new crop for Finland

Lizarazo¹,

Stoddard

2012

SMST

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Finnish agriculture is based on cereal cultivation and nearly half of the total utilized agricultural area (2 295 thousand ha) is used for cultivating barley, oat, wheat, and rye. In contrast, less than 1% is used for cultivating grain legumes, mainly pea and faba bean for feed purposes. As a result, Finland has a major dependence on inorganic fertilizers and imported vegetable protein. The Nordic region has many consumers that need gluten-free products and vegetable protein, so there is a potential demand for locally grown food legumes such as lentil. After a promising preliminary trial in 2009, 13 lentil cultivars were screened in Helsinki in 2010, 12 from the Crop Development Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Canada, and one from the University of Göttingen, Germany. Six of these cultivars were selected and screened again in 2011. The experiment was laid out as a randomized complete block trial with four replicates in all years; data on radiation interception, flowering and maturity were collected during the growing season. Growing degree-days (GDD) were calculated using a 5°C base temperature. The 2010 growing season was exceptionally warm and most cultivars performed well, except Sovereign and Sedley that lodged and matured late. There were significant differences in earliness (P<0.001), the earliest cultivar being Rosetown (902 GDD to maturity), and the latest Sedley (1214 GDD). There were no significant differences in yield (P=0.111), the average being 1.49 t/ha. Cultivar Meteor was the highest yielding with 1.86 t/ha but it lodged, whereas cvs Redbow, Redcoat, Rosetown and Milestone yielded 1.5-1.6 t/ha and showed few problems in cultivation, so further experiments have included them. The 2011 growing season was warm enough and allowed all cultivars to mature by the middle of August, most before Kontu faba bean. There were significant differences in earliness (P<0.001), the earliest cultivar being Rosebud, and the latest Redberry. According to FAOSTAT in 2008, Finland imported only 98 t of lentil, or 18 t/million inhabitants, whereas other European countries imported considerably more, ranging from 157 t/million in Sweden to 1050 t/million in Spain. Thus there is clear potential for growth in the market for Finnish-grown lentils. When the results from the 2011 trials are compiled, we expect to be able to recommend appropriate cultivars to farmers in time for the 2012 growing season.

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The rise of specialty crops in Saskatchewan, 1981–2001

Cited by 4 publications

References 15 publications

Greening summer fallow with legume green manures: On-farm assessment in north-central Montana

Greening summer fallow with legume green manures: On-farm assessment in north-central Montana

Attitudes Towards Environmental and Agronomic Benefits of Pulses Among Canadian University Students

Lentil – a promising new crop for Finland

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