The Risk of Transmitting Toxoplasmosis by Blood Transfusion

Kimball, Anne C.; Kean, B. H.; Kellner, Aaron

doi:10.1111/j.1537-2995.1965.tb02923.x

Cited by 37 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…It is only in these latter that a transfusion effect could produce a spurious result. An examination of the clinical and blood bank records for these patients revealed that, although 12 of the 14 cases had received transfusions for surgery, in only five of these were the dye-tests performed on blood samples drawn after such transfusion at intervals varying from one to 54 days. However, in three of the five the dye-test titers in the cases were of such a magnitude as to require preposterously high titers in the donor (1:170 to 1:1920) to produce them.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship of central nervous system neoplasms to Toxoplasma gondii infection.

Schuman¹,

Choi²,

Gullen³

1967

Am J Public Health Nations Health

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship of central nervous system neoplasms to Toxoplasma gondii infection.

Schuman¹,

Choi²,

Gullen³

1967

Am J Public Health Nations Health

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“…[ 4 5 6 ] Toxoplasma pneumonia occurs by respiratory route, transplacental route responsible for abortion and neonatal pathology, nosocomial through blood-transfusion, organ transplants, and laboratory accidents. [ 7 8 9 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxoplasmosis in HIV infection: An overview

Anuradha

2016

Trop Parasitol

108

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Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite presenting as a zoonotic infection distributed worldwide. In HIV-positive individuals, it causes severe opportunistic infections, which is of major public health concern as it results in physical and psychological disabilities. In healthy immunocompetent individuals, it causes asymptomatic chronic persistent infections, but in immunosuppressed patients, there is reactivation of the parasite if the CD4 counts fall below 200 cells/μl. The seroprevalence rates are variable in different geographic areas. The tissue cyst or oocyst is the infective form which enters by ingestion of contaminated meat and transform into tachyzoites and disseminate into blood stream. In immunocompetent persons due to cell-mediated immunity the parasite is transformed into tissue cyst resulting in life long chronic infection. In HIV-infected people opportunistic infection by T. gondii occurs due to depletion of CD4 cells, decreased production of cytokines and interferon gamma and impaired cytotoxic T-lymphocyte activity resulting in reactivation of latent infection. The diagnosis can be done by clinical, serological, radiological, histological or molecular methods, or by the combination of these. There is various treatment regimen including acute treatment, maintenance therapy should be given as the current anti T. gondii therapy cannot eradicate tissue cysts. In HIV patients, CD4 counts <100; cotrimoxazole, alternately dapsone + pyrimethamine can be given for 6 months. Hence, early diagnosis of T. gondii antibodies is important in all HIV-positive individuals to prevent complications of cerebral toxoplasmosis.

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“…The disease has a favourable outcome in almost all immunocompetent individuals, whereas it can be life threatening in those who are immunocompromised, such as organ-transplant patients [1]. In the latter setting, the disease can result from T. gondii transmission either within the allograft from a seropositive donor into a seronegative recipient [2–4] or via blood [5] from immunocompetent donors. In organ-transplant recipients, the most usual mechanism is the reactivation of latent infection in the recipient [1].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Unusual presentation of primary toxoplasmosis infection in a kidney-transplant patient complicated by an acute left-ventricular failure

Hébraud

Kamar²,

Borde

et al. 2008

Clinical Kidney Journal

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Although primary toxoplasmosis is a rare event following kidney transplantation, it can be life threatening. This report describes this complication. The patient presented with high-grade fever, haemolytic anaemia and haemophagocytic-syndrome-related pancytopaenia. Toxoplasma gondii diagnosis was ascertained by blood and bone-marrow PCR assays. After 6 weeks with Clindamycin plus pyrimethamine therapies and despite negativation of T. gondii blood PCR assay, the patient developed left-ventricular failure. After adding sulfamethoxazole/ trimethoprim, ramipril, digoxine, bisoprolol and spironolactone, he progressively recovered. Anti-T. gondii therapy was continued for 6 months. Four years later he received a third kidney allograft: at that time anti-T. gondii antibodies had become negative. The outcome was uneventful despite immunosuppression but with inclusion of sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim prophylaxis. More than 3 years after the third kidney transplantation the patient has had no toxoplasmosis reactivation. This case report highlights that T. gondii can be the cause of myocarditis in a renal transplant recipient.

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The Risk of Transmitting Toxoplasmosis by Blood Transfusion

Cited by 37 publications

References 4 publications

Relationship of central nervous system neoplasms to Toxoplasma gondii infection.

Relationship of central nervous system neoplasms to Toxoplasma gondii infection.

Toxoplasmosis in HIV infection: An overview

Unusual presentation of primary toxoplasmosis infection in a kidney-transplant patient complicated by an acute left-ventricular failure

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