The Role and Applications of Aerogels in Textiles

Abstract

Textiles have been used for clothing purposes since ancient times. However, due to their functional properties, their importance-as well as their use in various elds such as ltration, protective clothing, and medical applications-increased over time. Properties of the textile fabrics depend mostly on the ber type, fabrication technique, and structure. Moreover, fabric porosity is one of the properties that provide comfort, increased thermal insulation, and ltration capability to the end products.e porous structure of woven, knitted, and nonwoven fabrics has been used for many years to get the desired porosity. Usually, macroporous structures are achieved using these types of textiles. Electrospinning is used to produce nanoporous textile brous web, but its poor mechanical properties and low production rate limit its use. Aerogels are solid materials with ultrahigh porosity at the nanoscale with low density and good thermal insulation properties, due to which they are considered potential insulation materials today. On the other hand, pure aerogels are sometimes brittle and have poor mechanical properties. us, they cannot be directly used in various applications. Consequently, textile reinforced aerogel composites have been developed, which could provide exibility and strength to aerogels and impart nanoporous structure to textiles. is review summarizes conventional techniques to produce the porous structure in textiles followed by the modern techniques to develop a nanoporous structure. Further, di erent mechanisms to synthesize textile reinforced aerogel composites are discussed to get a nanoporous structure for ltration and thermal insulation applications. e porosity, mechanical properties, and thermal insulation of textile reinforced aerogel composites are also highlighted. In the end, we give a conclusion that not only summarizes the literature, but also includes recommendations for the researchers.

Competency Mapping of Textile and Composite Industries: A Regional-Global Case Study

“…The demand for technical textile products, which stand out with their specific physical and functional properties and performances in global markets, is increasing day by day [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10], unlike products such as ready-made clothing, upholstery, and home textiles conventionally produced by the textile industry. The market continues to expand as technical textiles are used by an increasing number of end users in various industries such as agriculture, construction, healthcare, transportation, packaging, sports, environmental protection, and protective clothing [11].…”

Comparison of Measured and Calculated Porosity Parameters of Woven Fabrics to Results Obtained with Image Analysis

“…Additionally, the porosity of textiles has implications in composite materials, as seen in the evaluation of fabric performance and antibacterial properties of 3D piezoelectric spacer fabrics, highlighting the significance of porosity in functional textile design [5]. The porosity and mechanical properties of textile-reinforced aerogel composites have been investigated, demonstrating the relevance of porosity in enhancing the thermal insulation and mechanical performance of advanced textile materials [6].…”

Synthesis of Composite Hydrogel Made of Woven Fabrics Stitched with PVA Yarn

“…Various strategies are adopted to enhance the mechanical properties of PVA hydrogels [21][22][23]. One of the strategies is to prepare PVA hydrogel-based composites by using textile materials such as fbers/flaments, yarns, and fabrics as reinforcements [24]. Tese PVA hydrogel-based composites are usually manufactured by preparing a PVA solution and then soaking the reinforcement (which is normally a woven fabric) in the PVA solution.…”