The Role and Immunobiology of Eosinophils in the Respiratory System: a Comprehensive Review

Eng, Stephanie; DeFelice, Magee L.

doi:10.1007/s12016-015-8526-3

Cited by 50 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 149 publications

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“…While the presence of eosinophils is not uncommon even in healthy individuals, these granulocytes play a central role in the pathogenesis of allergic inflammation, particularly in the respiratory system, such as asthma 19. Results of our study showed that after sensitization and challenge with OVA, the number of total inflammatory cells, eosinophils, macrophages and lymphocytes increased significantly in BALF.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Deguelin Attenuates Allergic Airway Inflammation via Inhibition of NF-κb Pathway in Mice

et al. 2017

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Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by airway inflammation and remodeling, resulting in a substantial economic burden on both patients and society. Deguelin, a constituent of the Leguminosae family, exhibits anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory activities in cancer mice models via inhibiting phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases and the NF-κB pathway. We demonstrated that deguelin effectively reduced OVA-induced inflammatory cell recruitment, decreased lung tissue inflammation and mucus production, suppressed airway hyperresponsiveness, and inhibited serum immunoglobulin and Th2 cytokine levels in a dose-dependent manner in asthmatic mice. In addition, we found that deguelin reduced inflammatory gene expressions both in vivo and in vitro, which were closely associated with activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway. Thus, we further explored the underlying mechanisms of deguelin in normal human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B). Our results suggested that deguelin inhibited NF-κB binding activity by enhancing the ability of IκBα to maintain NF-κB in an inactive form in the cytoplasm and preventing the TNF-α induced translocation of p65 to the nucleus. In conclusion, our research indicates that deguelin attenuates allergic airway inflammation via inhibition of NF-κB pathway in mice model and may act as a potential therapeutic agent for patients with allergic airway inflammation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Deguelin Attenuates Allergic Airway Inflammation via Inhibition of NF-κb Pathway in Mice

et al. 2017

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“…First, since the peripheral blood sample of a patient with bronchial asthma often shows eosinophilia (4), we did not consider eosinophilia as a sign of eosinophilic myocarditis. It is important to suspect eosinophilic myocarditis in patients with chest pain and eosinophilia, even if they have other diseases that are associated with eosinophilia, such as bronchial asthma, collagen disease, or hematological disorders (5).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Pitfall in the Diagnosis of Eosinophilic Myocarditis in a Patient who Received Steroid Therapy

et al. 2017

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Eosinophilic myocarditis is a rare form of myocardial inflammation that is characterized by the infiltration of eosinophilic cells into the myocardium. The clinical symptoms of eosinophilic myocarditis are similar to those of acute coronary syndrome, and eosinophilic myocarditis sometimes occurs in combination with bronchial asthma. We herein present a case of eosinophilic myocarditis in which additional time was required to make a definitive diagnosis because the patient received steroid therapy. The diagnosis of eosinophilic myocarditis is challenging, especially when a patient has other inflammatory diseases, such as bronchial asthma. We should pay attention to the possibility that steroid therapy may mask the presentation of eosinophilic myocarditis.

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“…In eosinophilic asthma, also described as T H 2 asthma, the rise in the number of eosinophils in the airways starts when the airway epithelium is exposed to an allergen or antigen, thus causing the activation of an immunological cascade that drives eosinophils to the airways by T H 2 cytokines and chemoattractants [87]. When helper T cells are activated by an allergen, they skew to the T H 2 phenotype and start to secrete IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 [88,89]. IL-5 and RANTES have been reported to be the most potent inducers of eosinophil migration into the asthmatic lung [90].…”

Section: Eosinophil Recruitment and Survival: Key Steps In The Pathopmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In acute idiopathic eosinophilic pneumonia, eosinophils accumulate and damage the airways by means of a currently unclear mechanism that may be related to clonal T cells [128]. Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia has also been described, although compared with the acute disorder, the chronic form is often associated with previous asthma or atopy [88,129]. Pulmonary fibrosis is also caused by the accumulation of eosinophils, although in this case it is accompanied by neutrophils, and its pathophysiology is caused by interstitial collagen deposition, which leads to fibrosis [88,130].…”

Section: Eosinophilic Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eosinophils: Old Players in a New Game

Sastre¹,

Rodrigo‐Muñoz²,

García-Sánchez³

et al. 2018

J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol

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Eosinophils are terminal polymorphonuclear cells with a high number of cytoplasmic granules that originate in bone marrow. Some are exosomes, which contain multiple molecules, such as specific eosinophilic proteins, cytokines, chemokines, enzymes, and lipid mediators that contribute to the effector role of these cells. Moreover, exosomes present a large number of receptors that allow them to interact with multiple cell types. Eosinophils play an important role in defense against infestations and are a key element in asthma and allergic diseases. Eosinophils are recruited to the inflamed area in response to stimuli, modulating the immune response through the release to the extracellular medium of their granule-derived content. Various mechanisms of degranulation have been identified. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes contain multivesicular bodies that generate exosomes that are secreted into the extracellular environment. Eosinophilic exosomes participate in multiple processes and mechanisms. Eosinophils participate actively in asthma and are hallmarks of the disease. The cells migrate to the inflammatory focus and contribute to epithelial damage and airway remodeling. Given their relevance in this pathology, new therapeutic tools have been developed that target mainly eosinophils and their receptors. In this manuscript, we provide a global, updated vision of the biology of eosinophils and the role of eosinophils in respiratory diseases, particularly asthma. We also summarize asthma treatments linked to eosinophils and new therapeutic strategies based on biological products in which eosinophils and their receptors are the main targets.

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The Role and Immunobiology of Eosinophils in the Respiratory System: a Comprehensive Review

Cited by 50 publications

References 149 publications

Deguelin Attenuates Allergic Airway Inflammation via Inhibition of NF-κb Pathway in Mice

Deguelin Attenuates Allergic Airway Inflammation via Inhibition of NF-κb Pathway in Mice

A Pitfall in the Diagnosis of Eosinophilic Myocarditis in a Patient who Received Steroid Therapy

Eosinophils: Old Players in a New Game

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