The role of a flame-induced liquid surface wave on pulsating flame spread

Konishi, Tadashi; Ito, Akihiko; Kudou, Yuji; Saito, Kozo

doi:10.1016/s1540-7489(02)80036-0

Cited by 24 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Therefore, it is necessary to study the phenomena and mechanism of flame spread over floating oil. Flame spread over liquid fuel has been a hot topic of combustion theory and fire safety science since the 1960s and has been investigated experimentally and numerically [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Such researches have mainly focused on the effects of parameters such as the initial fuel temperature and tray width on the rate of flame spread and on the qualitative analysis of surface convection.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study of flame spread over oil floating on water

Guo

Zhou

et al. 2012

Chin. Sci. Bull.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The phenomena and mechanism of flame spread over oil floating on water were studied using temperature measurements made by fine thermocouples and an infrared camera, schlieren images of surface convection and video recordings of flame spread. The experimental results reveal that the floating-oil depth greatly affects the average rate of flame spread and average flame pulsation wavelength. The surface tension effect is the main cause of surface convection, which controls flame spread. Momentum loss and heat loss from forward-flowing hot oil to water play an important role in retarding flame spread for oil thicknesses less than about 8 mm. With the development of the exploitation of offshore oil and marine transportation, there have been frequent fires resulting from oil spills. Because of the quick diffusion of oil leaked on water and the fast spread of flames over an oil surface, such fires usually have catastrophic consequences. Although flame spread is only a short process during a fire, it determines the direction of flame spread and the best time to put out fires. On the other hand, controlled combustion is an important way to clean up floating oil, but the precondition is that the flame can spread over the floating oil. Therefore, it is necessary to study the phenomena and mechanism of flame spread over floating oil. Flame spread over liquid fuel has been a hot topic of combustion theory and fire safety science since the 1960s and has been investigated experimentally and numerically [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Such researches have mainly focused on the effects of parameters such as the initial fuel temperature and tray width on the rate of flame spread and on the qualitative analysis of surface convection. However, little has been done to study flame spread over floating oil, which has the distinguishing characteristics that the floating oil is usually thin and water greatly affects the flame-spread phenomena. Mackinven et al.[10] experimented with decane floating on water and found that the average rate of flame spread increased with an increase in fuel thickness. Neil et al. [11] confirmed that fuel thickness has a large effect on the rate of flame spread. However, the researchers [10,11] obtained only qualitative results, and the reason why fuel thickness affects the phenomena of flame spread remains unclear till now. In the present study, the flame spread over different thicknesses of aviation kerosene (with a flash point of about 66C) floating on water was investigated simultaneously employing a schlieren system, an infrared camera, fine thermocouples and charge-coupled device (CCD) cameras. The paper presents the variation in the average rate of flame spread with floating oil thickness, gives reasons why the oil thickness affects the flame spread rate and presents the mechanism of flame spread.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study of flame spread over oil floating on water

Guo

Zhou

et al. 2012

Chin. Sci. Bull.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, our previous LSPT measurement was insensitive to the liquid circulation just after the flame-jumping step due to its limited number of the seeded particles and time resolution. In addition, Konishi et al [13] recently reported a small surface waveduring pulsating flame spread over ethanol suggesting the complixities of the pulsating flame spread mechanism.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

PIV Measurements Of Flow Structures Created By A Pulsating Flame Spread Over 1-propanol

Hassan

Kuwana²,

Saito

et al. 2003

Fire Safety Science - Proceedings of the Seventh International

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Particle image velocimetry (PIV) was applied to measure detailed flow structures both at the gas and liquid phases created by a pulsating flame spread over 1-propanol, placed in a narrow wide long tray. The PIV measurements revealed a small flow circulations in both gas and liquid phases just ahead of the spreading flame. Similar measurements were done earlier by Laser Sheet Particle Tracking (LSPT) technique, but LSPT data were rather qualitative and limited numbers of particles were tracked due to its manual count system. The current PIV can compensate these shortcomings with its automated particle tracking and data processing system. With PIV system that was focused on two critical steps, just before and after flame jumping, we obtained more detailed 2-D flow fields than the LSPT and successfully obtained quantified flow vector fields. As a result, this study confirmed the earlier LSPT result that the existence of two opposite vortices in both liquid and gas phases just before the flame jumping. In the stage just after the flame jumping, however, PIV found a small circulation in the liquid phase and a weak circulation in the gas phase, both of which were not reported in our earlier study.

show abstract

“…Step ( Step in a single cycle of pulsating flame spread and surface wave in step (b) [29]. spreads slowly in this crawl phase of the pulsation cycle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Over the past ten years, a series of experimental studies of flame spread over liquids has been conducted [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29], creating a rich experimental database. With six different experimental techniques (laser sheet particle tracking, smoke tracing, single and dual wavelength holographic interferometry, infrared thermography, and high-speed photography), we measured the detailed thermal, fluid dynamic and chemical structures of both gas, and liquid phases near the flame's leading edge to understand the mechanism of pulsating flame spread [26][27][28][29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With six different experimental techniques (laser sheet particle tracking, smoke tracing, single and dual wavelength holographic interferometry, infrared thermography, and high-speed photography), we measured the detailed thermal, fluid dynamic and chemical structures of both gas, and liquid phases near the flame's leading edge to understand the mechanism of pulsating flame spread [26][27][28][29]. We found a dual pulsation structure for flame pulsation, consisting of a main pulsation of about 0.5 to 1 Hz, and a subpulsation of about 5 to 10 Hz [29]. The main pulsation generated and eliminated a cold temperature valley in the liquid surface ahead of the flame [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Scaling Analysis on Pulsating Flame Spread over Liquids

Takahashi

Ito

Kudo

et al. 2008

International Journal of Chemical Engineering

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Scaling analyses based on subsurface layer instability were performed to explore the role of three independent (surface tension, gravity, and viscosity) influences on the mechanism of pulsating flame spread under normal and microgravity conditions. These three influences form two independent pi-numbers: the Marangoni (Ma) number and Grashof (Gr) number, which include the characteristic length scale ratio (depth of subsurface circulation)/(horizontal length of preheated liquid surface). The Prandtl (Pr) number was introduced to compensate for the different thermal diffusivity and kinematic viscosity of different liquids. Also a nondimensional flame spread rate, V/V D (= Vδ/D, where δ is the quenching distance and D is the diffusivity of fuel vapor) was introduced. Using these nondimensional parameters, the flame spread mechanism was divided into two separate regimes: for the shallow liquid pool the nondimensional flame spread rate was correlated with {Gr 0.2 /(Ma·Pr)} 1.0 , while for the deep liquid pool it was correlated with {Gr 0.2 /(Ma·Pr)} 1.5 .

show abstract

The role of a flame-induced liquid surface wave on pulsating flame spread

Cited by 24 publications

References 17 publications

Experimental study of flame spread over oil floating on water

Experimental study of flame spread over oil floating on water

PIV Measurements Of Flow Structures Created By A Pulsating Flame Spread Over 1-propanol

Scaling Analysis on Pulsating Flame Spread over Liquids

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About