The Role of AChE in Swimming Behavior of Daphnia magna: Correlation Analysis of Both Parameters Affected by Deltamethrin and Methomyl Exposure

Abstract

The unpredictable toxicity of insecticides may cause behavior disorder of biological organisms. In order to assess the role of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in swimming behavior of Daphnia magna, a correlation analysis of both parameters in 24 h exposure of deltamethrin (DM) and methomyl (MT) was investigated. The behavior responses of D. magna in DM (13.36 μg/L and 33.40 μg/L) and MT (19.66 μg/L and 49.15 μg/L) suggested that recovery behavior in the adjustment phase was crucial, and behavior homeostasis provided them with an optimal way to achieve a wider tolerance against environmental stress. During the experiment, positive effects on AChE activity occurred in the beginning of the exposure. Even though the de novo synthesis of AChE in D. magna might help it recover, the AChE inhibition in different treatments could be observed. Some induction effects on AChE activity at the beginning of exposure occurred, and a 50% decrease may cause toxic effects on behavior. In most treatments, the results showed that both behavior strength and AChE activity stayed in the same field within a correlation circle. These results illustrated that the environmental stress caused by both DM and MT could inhibit AChE activity and subsequently induce a stepwise behavior response, though both pesticides affect it as direct and indirect inhibitors, respectively.

DNA damage, immunotoxicity, and neurotoxicity induced by deltamethrin on the freshwater crayfish, Procambarus clarkii

“…It was caused by oxidative stress and histological damage in cortex and hippocampus region 51. A study on D. magna also demonstrated that deltamethrin has adverse effect on swimming behavior of this species by AChE inhibition 52. Our results support their conclusions and suggested that deltamethrin couldinduce neurotoxicity in P. clarkii at sublethal concentrations and AChE activity in muscle could be used as a sensitive biomarker in assessment of deltamethrin toxicity in aquatic environment.…”

Risk of chlorine dioxide as emerging contaminant during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: enzyme, cardiac, and behavior effects on amphibian tadpoles

“…The observed responses of swimming activity parameters indicated that ClO 2 affects the mechanisms involved in swimming behavior at different times (24 and after 96 h). For example, swimming behavior has been related to AChE activity in invertebrates, fish, and amphibian larvae exposed to different contaminants [ 32 , 34 , 39 , 54 , 55 ]. In this sense, swimming behavior observed in ClO 2 treated tadpoles at 24 h may be related to neurotoxicity through AChE over-activation [ 50 ].…”

Using a new high-throughput video-tracking platform to assess behavioural changes in Daphnia magna exposed to neuro-active drugs

“…There is an increasing number of studies that have used video tracking devices to assess changes in Daphnia swimming behaviour upon exposure to chemicals (Artells et al, 2013;Bahrndorff et al, 2016;Barrozo et al, 2015;Bownik et al, 2018;Cano et al, 2017;Cruzeiro et al, 2017;Chevalier et al, 2015;Ferrario et al, 2018;Häder and Erzinger, 2017;Hansen and Roslev, 2016;Huang et al, 2017;Huang et al, 2015;Liu et al, 2018;Madeira et al, 2018;Nielsen and Roslev, 2018;Nikitin et al, 2018;Noss et al, 2013;Parolini et al, 2018;Ren et al, 2017;Ren et al, 2015;Stanley et al, 2016;Yang et al, 2018;Zein et al, 2014;Zhang et al, 2016). However, only few of them reported behavioural effects at environmental relevant concentrations far below those causing any sublethal effects on stress markers or lifehistory traits (Nielsen and Roslev, 2018).…”