The role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in cognitive functions

Abstract

Nerve growth factor (NGF) was uncovered in near beginning the 1950s which had a growth effect on sympathetic and sensory neurons. In the dorsal root neuron ganglion, the second member of a group of neurotrophic factors widely known as the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) appeared. Like other members of the neurotrophin group, such as neurotrophin 3 (NT-3) and NT-4/5, it is explained to have trophic effects on peripheral and central neurons. Since BDNF purification in 1982 evidence of its involvement in development, physiology, and brain pathology demonstrated. BNDF is significant within the molecular mechanism of synapse plasticity regarding neuronal growth and cell survival. The initial step associated with the central nervous system depends on its adaption of synapse transmission, especially in the hippocampus and neocortex. Pathological intensities of the BDNF relationship and synapse plasticity affect sort of situations such as epilepsy and chronic pain sensitization, where BDNF applications can affect therapy in neurodegenerative diseases and neuropsychiatric diseases. BDNF plays a pivotal role in cognitive processes, affecting the advancement and brain structures’ motion. Predominantly in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, by modulating synaptic neurotransmission, it changes the plasticity and proliferation of neurons through regulation of neuronal migration processes such as differentiation, perseveration, neuronal modification and replacement of synaptic structures. BDNF also affects the development of dopaminergic, serotonergic, cholinergic and GABAergic. BDNF further causes rapid postsynaptic reactions in ion channels and N-Methyl D-Aspartate (NMDA) receptors. BDNF as a vital component in the normal functioning of the brain is one of the neurotrophins that contributes to the development, maintenance of function and healthy neuron cells and cynical plasticity.

Neuroprotective effect of low-dose paracetamol treatment against cognitive dysfunction in d-galactose-induced aging mice

“…Activation of BDNF/TrkB/CREB signaling is recognized as a vital mechanism for supporting functional and morphological synaptic plasticity, which are vital factors for learning and memory [ 48 , 49 ]. Impairment of BDNF/TrkB/CREB signaling is considered a biological change that causes cognitive disability in the aging brain [ 7 , 50 ] and the d -gal-induced aging model [ 17 , 40 , 51 ].…”

The Effect of High Intensity Interval Training (Hiit) on Short-Term Memory Among Medical Student of Diponegoro University

“…19,22,23 A study also proved that increased BDNF can affect memory. [24][25][26][27] This indicates that the increase in BDNF may underlie the mechanisms of improving cognitive function, including memory. 25 Aerobic exercise can also cause neuroinflammatory changes, which can reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines and increase anti-inflammatory cytokines, thus preventing brain damage and can improve cognitive function.…”

Role of Neurogenesis and Oxidative Stress in Epilepsy (Study on Plasma Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Malondialdehyde Level)

“…BDNF is a hormone that belongs to the neurotrophin family, which has a trophic effect on peripheral and central neurons. BNDF is significantly involved in the molecular mechanisms of synaptic plasticity of neuronal growth and cell survival [25].…”