The role of carbohydrate in platelet adhesion to foreign surfaces

Abstract

SummaryA mechanism of platelet adhesion to foreign surfaces is proposed which involves the formation of enzyme-substrate complex bridges between platelet glycosy1 transferases and surface-adsorbed glycoproteins. To test this hypothesis two experimental approaches were attempted. The first, in vitro, series of experiments assayed two glycosyl transferases using adsorbed plasma proteins as acceptors. Sugar-nucleotides could be transferred onto adsorbed gamma globulin and fibrinogen but not onto adsorbed albumin. The second group of experiments quantitated platelets adhering to tubing coated with protein and subjected to treatment to remove different carbohydrate residues. Using whole unheparinized ovine blood, more platelets adhered to fibrinogen or gamma globulin coatings which had been either desialyaed or had both sialic acid and galactose removed than to the same coatings when untreated. These data, plus that of other workers, give support to the proposed mechanism.

Quantitative analysis of protein adsorption on a planar surface by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy: lysozyme adsorbed on hydrophobic silicon-containing polymer

“…These hazards are promoted by the early and quick adsorption of proteins abundant in a body fluid [31][32][33][34][35][36][37]. Since it is difficult to prepare an artificial material that rejects the adsorption of any kind of protein, it seems rather feasible to design a surface to selectively reject a kind of protein that would be the foundation for the following biological reactions.…”

Elastin as a Nonthrombogenic Biomaterial

“…58 Similarly, albumin displays low thrombogenicity and contains very little carbohydrate modification. 57,59 It may be that a paucity of glycosylation works to elastin's advantage by reducing its platelet binding capacity.…”

“…A second consideration is that platelets can bind through carbohydrate modifications on proteins. 57 Elastin is not post-translationally modified with carbohydrates. 58 Similarly, albumin displays low thrombogenicity and contains very little carbohydrate modification.…”

Role of protein and fatty acid adsorption on platelet adhesion and aggregation at the blood–polymer interface

“…The inhibitors used in the enzymatic reaction were aspirin, glucosamine, and chloropromazine. * [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] For the fatty acid adsorption experiments, sodium stearate was prepared by combining 100 mg stearic acid, 4.4 g of NaOH, and 100 ml H20. This solution was heated gently under constant stirring conditions.…”