The role of cognitive reserve in cognitive aging: Results from the neurocognitive study on aging

Giogkaraki, Erasmia; Michaelides, Michalis P.; Constantinidou, Fofi

doi:10.1080/13803395.2013.847906

Cited by 51 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…As previously reported, participants in the Neurocognitive Study on Aging who have 10 years of education or more, besides reporting higher levels of QoL, also demonstrated significantly enhanced cognitive performance [12,13]. Similarly, in other large cohort studies, such as the Mac Arthur Studies on Cognitive Aging, higher education levels typically led to cognitively challenging professional careers which in turn may support privileged lifestyles [8] with good resources for improved physical and psychological health, better environmental support and promote subjective sense of well-being.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 49%

“…Furthermore, the same review of studies recognizes that women experience a decline in fluid intelligence at a younger age than men, thus, potentially increasing cognitive disability for a population which tends to outlive its male counterparts. Variables such as years of formal education and quality of cognitive engagement can moderate the effects of aging via the creation of cognitive reserve, the mind's ability to implement strategies and counteract the presence of pathology [13]. Additionally, higher educational levels typically lead to cognitively challenging professional careers, which, in turn, may support privileged lifestyles and promote a subjective sense of well-being [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cognitive-Linguistic Performance and Quality of Life in Healthy Aging

Constantinidou

Prokopiou

Nikou

et al. 2015

Folia Phoniatr Logop

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Background/Aims: This study investigated quality of life (QoL) in relation to cognitive-linguistic performance and demographic characteristics (age, education and gender) in a large cohort of cognitively healthy older adults. Method: A total of 578 Greek-Cypriots aged 60-91 years were recruited from the Neurocognitive Study on Aging. Of those, 395 healthy participants (171 males and 224 females) who met all study criteria were retained. They completed measures of executive functioning, working memory, receptive vocabulary and confrontational naming in addition to the WHOQOL-BREF (brief version of the WHO QoL questionnaire). Results: There were modest but significant relationships between executive functioning, working memory, vocabulary measures and the WHOQOL-BREF (p < 0.01). MANOVA yielded significant gender and education effects on QoL. Sequential stepwise regression confirmed that gender, depression scores and years of education made significant contributions to predicting the total score on WHOQOL-BREF and accounted for 31% of the variance (R² = 0.310). Conclusion: Self-reports of QoL remain stable in older adulthood. Demographic variables such as gender and years of education affected several domains of QoL, and, along with depression symptomatology, accounted for a significant part of the WHOQOL-BREF variance. Cognitive-linguistic measures correlated on the physical and psychological health domains of the WHOQOL-BREF in healthy older adults.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 49%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive-Linguistic Performance and Quality of Life in Healthy Aging

Constantinidou

Prokopiou

Nikou

et al. 2015

Folia Phoniatr Logop

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…This and other studies also support the role that neurocognitive activity and stimuli play in preventing or abating the development of such neurocognitive deficits in lieu of such neuropathological burden (Vance, Roberson et al, 2010). Giogkaraki and colleagues (2013) found that with age, the greater amount of neurocognitive reserve was predictive of greater preservation of episodic memory and executive function. In their study, a combination of measures of reading ability, vocabulary, and years of education served as the proxy measure for neurocognitive ability.…”

Section: Neurocognitive Reservementioning

confidence: 95%

“…This study shows that stimuli and environmental challenges may cause neurobiological changes which influence neurocognitive reserve. Other studies in humans also suggest that neurocognitive stimuli may increase neurocognitive reserve and protect one from developing neurocognitive impairments (Giogkaraki et al, 2013; Wilson et al, 2013). …”

Section: Neurocognitive Reservementioning

confidence: 97%

The Role of Employment on Neurocognitive Reserve in Adults With HIV: A Review of the Literature

Vance

Cody

Yoo‐Jeong

et al. 2015

Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care

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The benefits of employment are enormous; being employed, one naturally: 1) socially engages with the public and colleagues/co-workers; 2) learns new skills to increase job productivity and competence; 3) establishes a routine that can prevent lethargy and boredom and may regulate sleep and healthy behaviors; 4) is provided purposeful and meaningful activity that may protect one from depression; and 5) gains income to pursue interests which are cognitively stimulating. All of these and other employment influences can provide an enriched personal and social environment that stimulates positive neuroplasticity and promotes neurocognitive reserve. Such potential neurocognitive benefits are particularly relevant to adults with HIV for two reasons: 1) approximately 50% of adults with HIV experience observable cognitive impairments that can adversely affect everyday functioning such as medication adherence, and 2) approximately 45% of adults with HIV are unemployed and do not receive the neurocognitive benefits of employment. From these considerations, implications for healthcare research and nursing practice are provided.

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“…Giogkaraki et al [11] tested the CR hypothesis by quantifying CR. A neuropsychological battery was administered to 383 Greek-Cypriot older adults.…”

Section: Measurement Of Crmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrative Cognitive Reserve

Jiang

Pan

2015

Integr Med Int

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The cognitive reserve (CR) against cognitive damage stems from a series of observations. The purpose of this study is to perform a systematic review to summarize the concept of CR. A variety of factors such as age, education level, reading ability, and vocabulary have an impact on the reserve according to a large amount of research and may influence CR. Furthermore, due to measurement difficulties, efforts to explore CR have been hindered. This is why different methods have been used to quantify reserve, such as multiple indicators multiple causes, residual variance in episodic memory performance, the Sole-Padulles Childhood Enrichment measure, the Mini-Mental State Examination, the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test, the Hollingshead Two-Factor Index of Social Position, the Cattell Culture Fair Intelligence Test, and the Digit Span Subtests of the Wechsler Memory Scale. In addition, numerous studies explored the role of CR in various diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, hepatitis C, obesity, and sleep onset/maintenance difficulties. CR plays a significant role in the morbidity of these diseases, and since integrative medicine may be able to modify CR, it might be an effective tool to prevent these serious diseases.

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The role of cognitive reserve in cognitive aging: Results from the neurocognitive study on aging

Cited by 51 publications

References 56 publications

Cognitive-Linguistic Performance and Quality of Life in Healthy Aging

Cognitive-Linguistic Performance and Quality of Life in Healthy Aging

The Role of Employment on Neurocognitive Reserve in Adults With HIV: A Review of the Literature

Integrative Cognitive Reserve

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