The role of creative industries in industrial innovation

Abstract

Die Dis cus si on Pape rs die nen einer mög lichst schnel len Ver brei tung von neue ren For schungs arbei ten des ZEW. Die Bei trä ge lie gen in allei ni ger Ver ant wor tung der Auto ren und stel len nicht not wen di ger wei se die Mei nung des ZEW dar.Dis cus si on Papers are inten ded to make results of ZEW research prompt ly avai la ble to other eco no mists in order to encou ra ge dis cus si on and sug gesti ons for revi si ons. The aut hors are sole ly respon si ble for the con tents which do not neces sa ri ly repre sent the opi ni on of the ZEW.Download this ZEW Discussion Paper from our ftp server:ftp://ftp.zew.de/pub/zew-docs/dp/dp08109.pdf Non-technical SummaryThe paper empirically analyses the role of Creative Industries in affecting an economy's innovation performance. We distinguish three such roles: First, Creative Industries are a major source of innovative ideas and thus contribute to an economy's innovative potential and the generation of new products and services. Secondly, they offer services which may be inputs to innovative activities of other enterprises and organisations within and outside the creative industries. Thirdly, Creative Industries are intensive users of technology and often demand adaptations and new developments of technology, providing innovation impulses to technology producers.Creative Industries are defined as those economic activities that strongly rest on individual creativity, skill and talent and predominantly produce intellectual property (in contrast to material goods or immediately consumable services). In order to identify enterprises in the Creative Industries, we combine a sector classification approach (as used by most authors so far) with an analysis of an enterprise's degree of creativity in terms of creativity of employees, creativity of products, and creativity of processes. We define creative enterprises as those belonging to a Creative Industry sector and predominantly conducting creative economic activities.The empirical study is based on a survey of more than 2,000 creative enterprises from Austria.We show that the creative industries are not only -by definition -a source of creativity, but they also show a strong performance in technological innovation and thus directly contribute Das Wichtigste in KürzeIn diesem Aufsatz wird der Beitrag der "Creative Industries" zur Innovationstätigkeit in einer AbstractThis paper analyses the role of creative industries in affecting an economy's innovation performance. We conducted a survey of more than 2,000 creative industry enterprises from Austria which are defined by a combination of sector affiliation and the degree of creativity of the services they offer. We show that the creative industries are among the most innovative sectors in the economy. They support innovation in a variety of other sectors through creative inputs, such as ideas for new products (i.e. innovation content), supplementary products and services (such as software) or marketing support for product innovations. What is more, they are also ...

Creativity, Cities, and Innovation

“…One reason for their importance is innovation (Bakshi et al 2008). While there is considerable diversity in innovative performance between sub-sectors, the creative industries are considered as relatively innovative (Müller, Rammer and Trüby 2009;Chapain et al 2010). As they are by definition reliant on the production of new goods, the creative industries are likely to produce more product innovations.…”

“…A second key distinction is between original innovations that are entirely new, and learned innovations which are 'new to the firm' but copied from an original innovator (Müller et al 2009). There are, of course, some ambiguities in this distinction:…”

“…There have been longstanding concerns about the limitations of research on the creative industries and innovation (Jayne 2005;Sunley et al 2008). The size of our dataset and the coverage for both creative and non-creative firms represents an improvement on previous work in this area which has tended to focus exclusively on creative industries firms (Müller et al 2009). In addition, while past work has linked creative occupations to innovation in an econometric framework (Bakshi et al 2008), our research improves on this measure by introducing regional as well as sectoral variation, finding a 1 For example, the Arts Council runs the Creative Industries Finance programme which provides loans and advice for growth oriented creative firms (Arts Council 2012).…”

“…Firms in the creative industries, such as design, publishing, software or the arts, are normally seen as particularly innovative (DCMS 2001;Miles and Green 2008;Bakshi and McVittie 2009;Müller et al 2009). Cities are important for these relationships:…”

Towards understanding variety in knowledge intensive business services by distinguishing their knowledge bases

“…Meanwhile firms identified as having a primarily symbolic knowledge base did not differ significantly from the 'synthetic firms' (all else equal). Other significant variables were size and sector: as expected -larger firms were more likely to innovate, and architecture sector firms were less likely to innovate (c.f., Muller et al, 2008). The only location effect was again surprising.…”