The role of dogs in the eco-epidemiology of Rickettsia typhi, etiological agent of Murine typhus

Nogueras, María Mercedes; Pons, Immaculada; Pla, Júlia; Ortuño, Anna; Miret, Jaime; Sanfeliú, Isabel; Segura, Ferrán

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.11.043

Cited by 33 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…(Blanton et al, 2016;Maina et al, 2016). Other studies have demonstrated that dogs can play an important role in the transmission of murine typhus, as high antibody titers against Rickettsia typhi and rickettsemia have been demonstrated by IFA and PCR/sequencing in dog blood samples from different world regions including Yucatan; however, its potential as reservoirs remains to be assessed (Nogueras et al, 2013;Martinez-Ortiz et al, 2016). Those studies have not described the participation of an arthropod as a possible vector which, considering the classic cycle could be a flea.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct evidence of Rickettsia typhi infection in Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks and their canine hosts

Dzul-Rosado¹,

Lugo–Caballero²,

Tello-Martín³

et al. 2017

Open Vet J.

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Murine typhus is a rickettsiosis caused by Rickettsia typhi, whose transmission is carried out by rat fleas in urban settlements as classically known, but it also has been related to cat fleas in a sub-urban alternative cycle that has been suggested by recent reports. These studies remarks that in addition to rats, other animals like cats, opossums and dogs could be implied in the transmission of Rickettsia typhi as infected fleas obtained from serologically positive animals have been detected in samples from endemic areas. In Mexico, the higher number of murine typhus cases have been detected in the Yucatan peninsula, which includes a great southeastern region of Mexico that shows ecologic characteristics similar to the sub-urban alternative cycle recently described in Texas and California at the United States. To find out which are the particular ecologic characteristics of murine typhus transmission in this region, we analyzed blood and Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks obtained from domestic dogs by molecular approaches, demonstrating that both samples were infected by Rickettsia typhi. Following this, we obtained isolates that were analyzed by genetic sequencing to corroborate this infection in 100% of the analyzed samples. This evidence suggests for the first time that ticks and dogs could be actively participating in the transmission of murine typhus, in a role that requires further studies for its precise description.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct evidence of Rickettsia typhi infection in Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks and their canine hosts

Dzul-Rosado¹,

Lugo–Caballero²,

Tello-Martín³

et al. 2017

Open Vet J.

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“…Por otra parte, en el estudio de Nogueras, et al (7), llevado a cabo en España utilizando PCR, la frecuencia de infección global reportada (4,5 %) fue ligeramente inferior a la encontrada en el presente estudio. Estas diferencias pueden explicarse, entre otros factores, por las variantes climatológicas que prevalecen en las regiones, así como por la resistencia a la infección del huésped y las preferencias alimenticias del vector (7,30). Asimismo, se ha reportado que el tiempo de circulación de R. typhi en el torrente circulatorio de los perros es breve (7), lo cual también puede influir en los porcentajes de infección reportados en estudios que utilizan pruebas diagnósticas directas como el presente.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…La circulación de R. typhi en perros se ha reportado en varios países; sin embargo, la información basada en pruebas diagnósticas directas es escasa (7). La convivencia con perros y animales de compañía se ha asociado a la presentación de casos de rickettsiosis y de tifus múrido en seres humanos (7,8), pues actúan como vehículos de los vectores infectados (9), por lo que su papel en el ciclo infeccioso de estas enfermedades puede ser determinante (10).…”

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Evidencia molecular de Rickettsia typhi en perros de una comunidad rural de Yucatán, México

et al. 2016

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Introducción. Rickettsia typhi es la bacteria causante del tifo murino o endémico, el cual es transmitido al ser humano principalmente por medio de heces infectadas de pulgas y en cuyo ciclo de infección se encuentran involucrados distintos animales sinantrópicos y domésticos. En la comunidad rural de Bolmay, Yucatán, México, se han reportado casos de tifo murino en seres humanos durante el periodo 2007-2010.Objetivo. Identificar la presencia de R. typhi y estimar la frecuencia de infección en perros de Bolmay, Yucatán, México.Materiales y métodos. Se tomaron muestras de sangre completa a 128 perros, se les extrajo ADN total y se analizaron mediante la prueba de Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa para amplificar fragmentos de los genes17-kDa y omp B y confirmar la presencia de Rickettsia spp. Los productos de las reacciones se enviaron a secuenciación y se les realizó un análisis de alineamiento con la herramienta BLAST.Resultados. Se encontró una frecuencia de infección de 5,5 % (7/128). El alineamiento demostró 99 % y 100 % de homologación para los genes 17-kDa y omp B respectivamente, ambos para la especie R. typhi.Conclusión. Se detectó la presencia de R. typhi con baja frecuencia de infección en perros de la comunidad de estudio; sin embargo, podría representar un riesgo potencial de transmisión hacia los seres humanos.

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“…In a recent study in Spain, serological and molecular evidence of exposure of dogs to R. typhi were reported [79]. Dogs can be infected with the cat flea C. felis, which is described as a vector of R. typhi, and thus play a role in human infection.…”

Section: The Disease In Dogsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial canine vector-borne zoonotic diseases in “One Health” concept

Valiakos

2016

Int J One Health

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Canine vector-borne diseases constitute a large group of diseases transmitted by arthropods with worldwide distribution. A wide range of bacterial, viral, and parasitic agents that are transmitted by vectors cause disease to dogs, many of which can also affect humans and thus have an important zoonotic potential. Bacterial agents that are transmitted by vectors have been considered less important than viral or parasitic agents and are not commonly discussed in companion animal practice. However, close contact between pet animals and people offers favorable conditions for transmission of these bacteria. Many of these diseases have become a focus of interest for scientists in recent years. Increase in reservoir abundance, climate change, changing habitat structure, socio-political changes, and imports of dogs for welfare reasons and trade as well as traveling are considered to be potential factors for the pathogens and vectors introduction into new areas. Apart from, the veterinary aspect of these diseases, domestic dogs could play a central epidemiological role in the transmission of bacterial agents to humans, acting as reservoirs and sentinels, a circumstance that requires a One Health approach. This review highlights the most important of these bacterial agents, presenting updated current knowledge with special reference to treatment approach and One Health aspect.

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The role of dogs in the eco-epidemiology of Rickettsia typhi, etiological agent of Murine typhus

Cited by 33 publications

References 22 publications

Direct evidence of <i>Rickettsia typhi</i> infection in <i>Rhipicephalus sanguineus</i> ticks and their canine hosts

Direct evidence of <i>Rickettsia typhi</i> infection in <i>Rhipicephalus sanguineus</i> ticks and their canine hosts

Evidencia molecular de Rickettsia typhi en perros de una comunidad rural de Yucatán, México

Bacterial canine vector-borne zoonotic diseases in “One Health” concept

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