2015
DOI: 10.1002/2014wr016739
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The role of dynamic surface water‐groundwater exchange on streambed denitrification in a first‐order, low‐relief agricultural watershed

Abstract: The role of temporally varying surface water-groundwater (SW-GW) exchange on nitrate removal by streambed denitrification was examined along a reach of Leary Weber Ditch (LWD), Indiana, a small, first-order, low-relief agricultural watershed within the Upper Mississippi River basin, using data collected in 2004 and 2005. Stream stage, GW heads (H), and temperatures (T) were continuously monitored in streambed piezometers and stream bank wells for two transects across LWD accompanied by synoptic measurements of… Show more

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Cited by 28 publications
(21 citation statements)
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References 111 publications
(141 reference statements)
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“…This type of coupled surface and subsurface flow response could be considered as part of the design of nonemergency flow releases for dams and possibly as a mitigation measure as part of dam relicensure. For example, by controlling the timing of stream stage fluctuations relative to aquifer withdrawals, such as riverbank filtration for drinking water or irrigation withdrawals downstream of a hydropower dam, a manager could manipulate hyporheic exchange to achieve timescales that would enable desirable functions (e.g., denitrification [e.g., Harvey et al ., ; Rahimi et al ., ] or creation of thermal refugia for fish [e.g., Bowerman et al ., ; Mathes et al ., ]). Alternatively, exchange could be intentionally reduced to provide environmental benefits.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…This type of coupled surface and subsurface flow response could be considered as part of the design of nonemergency flow releases for dams and possibly as a mitigation measure as part of dam relicensure. For example, by controlling the timing of stream stage fluctuations relative to aquifer withdrawals, such as riverbank filtration for drinking water or irrigation withdrawals downstream of a hydropower dam, a manager could manipulate hyporheic exchange to achieve timescales that would enable desirable functions (e.g., denitrification [e.g., Harvey et al ., ; Rahimi et al ., ] or creation of thermal refugia for fish [e.g., Bowerman et al ., ; Mathes et al ., ]). Alternatively, exchange could be intentionally reduced to provide environmental benefits.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These up-and down-valley boundaries are periodic only in space to approximate an infinite domain and do not vary in time. The sinusoidal components of the stream and hillslope boundary conditions are taken as uniform along the 36 m model domain, which is assumed short enough to not warrant downstream wave routing of the stream boundary condition [after Perkins and Koussis, 1996]. A homogeneous, isotropic hydraulic conductivity of 10 À3 m s À1 was assigned to the entire model domain to eliminate the possibility of heterogeneity in the hydraulic conductivity field as a control on groundwater flow [e.g., Salehin et al, 2004;Sawyer et al, 2014b;Ward et al, 2011].…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, water cycling in river beds and banks during storms also has the possibly to drive nutrient cycling and nitrate removal from riverbed processes (McCallum and Shanafield, 2016;Rahimi et al, 2015). These processes might function differently for intermittent compared to perennial river systems (Costigan et al, 2015;Datry et al, 2014).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These transients strongly affect the hyporheic zone, but most are damped considerably before they reach deeper groundwater, with greater damping expected at shorter durations/higher frequencies [Liu et al, 2016]. At larger spatial and temporal scales, such transients can be periodic (e.g., daily such as flow peaking for hydropower generation, snowmelt, evapotranspiration, and tides; or annual seasons) or nonperiodic (e.g., storms and other meteorological events) Swanson, 1996, 1999;Peterson and Connelly, 2001;Arntzen et al, 2006;Boano et al, 2007b;Fritz and Arntzen, 2007;Loheide and Lundquist, 2009;Boano et al, 2013;Azinheira et al, 2014;Larsen et al, 2014;Pool et al, 2014;Dudley-Southern and Binley, 2015;Rahimi et al, 2015;Malzone et al, 2016;Schmadel et al, 2016]. Such transient hydraulic perturbations propagate downward into the sediment, which based on studies that vary the hydraulic boundary conditions of hyporheic processes [e.g., Cardenas and Wilson, 2006;Boano et al, 2008;Trauth et al, 2013;Fox et al, 2014;Marzadri et al, 2016], would thereby change the size of hyporheic flow cells, move hyporheic flow cells longitudinally along riverbeds, and move mixing zones around within the sediment [Boano et al, 2007b[Boano et al, , 2013Schmadel et al, 2016;Stegen et al, 2016].…”
Section: Processes That Contribute To Mixing In the Hyporheic Zone Amentioning
confidence: 99%