The role of Exosomal miRNAs in cancer

Li, Chuanyun; Zhou, Tong; Chen, Jing; Li, Rong; Chen, Huan; Luo, Shumin; Chen, Dexi; Cai, Chenyang; Li, Weihua

doi:10.1186/s12967-021-03215-4

Cited by 82 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 148 publications

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“…Moreover, the increasing interest in circulating biomarkers offers a new perspective for earlier NENs diagnosis [ 59 ]. Furthermore, some studies have been conducted to emphasize the potential of miRNAs as biomarkers and for easier grade stratification and tissue discrimination in GEP-NENs [ 54 , 60 – 62 ] and as promising diagnostic and prognostic factors in MTC [ 63 – 65 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of functional pathways and molecular signatures in neuroendocrine neoplasms by multi-omics analysis

et al. 2022

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Background Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) represent a heterogeneous class of rare tumors with increasing incidence. They are characterized by the ability to secrete peptide hormones and biogenic amines but other reliable biomarkers are lacking, making diagnosis and identification of the primary site very challenging. While in some NENs, such as the pancreatic ones, next generation sequencing technologies allowed the identification of new molecular hallmarks, our knowledge of the molecular profile of NENs from other anatomical sites is still poor. Methods Starting from the concept that NENs from different organs may be clinically and genetically correlated, we applied a multi-omics approach by combining multigene panel testing, CGH-array, transcriptome and miRNome profiling and computational analyses, with the aim to highlight common molecular and functional signatures of gastroenteropancreatic (GEP)-NENs and medullary thyroid carcinomas (MTCs) that could aid diagnosis, prognosis and therapy. Results By comparing genomic and transcriptional profiles, ATM-dependent signaling emerged among the most significant pathways at multiple levels, involving gene variations and miRNA-mediated regulation, thus representing a novel putative druggable pathway in these cancer types. Moreover, a set of circulating miRNAs was also selected as possible diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers useful for clinical management of NENs. Conclusions These findings depict a complex molecular and functional landscape of NENs, shedding light on novel therapeutic targets and disease biomarkers to be exploited.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of functional pathways and molecular signatures in neuroendocrine neoplasms by multi-omics analysis

et al. 2022

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“…Exosomes are extracellular vesicles secreted by cells that play a critical role in intercellular communication. Exosomes carry cell-specific cargos of proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids ( 64 ). Contents of exosomes vary by cell origin and by pathological and physiological conditions of exosome-secreting cells ( 65 ).…”

Section: Future Research Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untold story of human cervical cancers: HPV-negative cervical cancer

Lee¹,

Chung²,

Rhee

et al. 2022

BMB Rep

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Cervical cancer is the fourth most common malignancy in women worldwide. Although infection from human papillomavirus (HPV) has been the leading cause of cervical cancer, HPV-negative cervical cancer accounts for approximately 3-8% of all cases. Previous research studies on cervical cancer have focused on HPV-positive cervical cancer due to its prevalence, resulting in HPV-negative cervical cancer receiving considerably less attention. As a result, HPV-negative cervical cancer is poorly understood. Its etiology remains elusive mainly due to limitations in research methodology such as lack of defined markers and model systems. Moreover, false HPV negativity can arise from inaccurate diagnostic methods, which also hinders the progress of research on HPV-negative cervical cancer. Since HPV-negative cervical cancer is associated with worse clinical features, greater attention is required to understand HPV-negative carcinoma. In this review, we provide a summary of knowledge gaps and current limitations of HPV-negative cervical cancer research based on current clinical statistics. We also discuss future directions for understanding the pathogenesis of HPV-independent cervical cancer. [BMB Reports 2022; 55(9): 429-438]

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“…The volume of exosomes in blood and other body fluids is higher and therefore can aid in early detection of cancer. In addition, they can improve the stability of miR-NAs with enhanced protection against degradation [92].…”

Section: Exosome Mediated Delivery Of Mirnamentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomes as Nanocarriers for Theragnostic miRNA Markers in Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer Therapy

Jiang

Ding

et al. 2022

Journal of Nanomaterials

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Nonsmall cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is the leading cause of deaths related to carcinomas of lung by the involvement of several risk factors. Tumor cells, in general, exude larger quantities of biological macromolecules in comparison to their noncancerous opposites. Vesicular bodies or cavities created by the folding back of endosome membranes mingle with the plasma membrane and result in the release of exosomes into the extracellular space after which they enter proximal or distant cells of target. Exosomes are nanovesicles that can carry microRNAs (miRNAs) and other such macromolecules as cargos into the tumor environment by means of cell-to-cell communication. These materials transported by exosomes can act as indicators for oncogenesis and metastasis and result in resistance among therapy-sensitive cancer cells. The cargos inside the vesicles loaded with miRNAs vary according to their particular state and therefore can act as potential prognostic or diagnostic markers for a variety of diseases including lung cancer, especially NSCLC. Although the roles of exosomal miRNAs are unclear or contradictory, the possibility of using exosomes as efficient nanovesicles for the treatment of NSCLC using biological molecules such as miRNA remains critical. Hence, this review focuses on the roles of exosomal and cell-free miRNA in NSCLC therapy at preclinical and clinical levels.

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The role of Exosomal miRNAs in cancer

Cited by 82 publications

References 148 publications

Identification of functional pathways and molecular signatures in neuroendocrine neoplasms by multi-omics analysis

Identification of functional pathways and molecular signatures in neuroendocrine neoplasms by multi-omics analysis

Untold story of human cervical cancers: HPV-negative cervical cancer

Exosomes as Nanocarriers for Theragnostic miRNA Markers in Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer Therapy

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