The Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Liver Pathogenesis

Liu, Gang; Yin, Xiao‐Ming

doi:10.1016/j.ajpath.2022.06.007

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…Важную роль в биогенезе экзосом также играют белки эндосомального сортировочного комплекса ESCRT (Endosomal Sorting Complex Required for Transport), включая ESCRT-0, -I, -II, -III и вспомогательные белки, в том числе Vps4 ATФaзы. ESCRT-0, -I и -II участвуют в селективной сортировке убиквитинированных молекул; комплекс ESCRT-III и Vps4 -в инвагинации мембран и формировании ИЛВ, составляющих МВТ [24].…”

Section: биогенез экзосомunclassified

“…В связи с этим большой интерес представляют исследования, направленные на выяснение связи между патологическими изменениями в печени и содержимом экзосом из клеток печени больных гепатитом. Исследования показали, что ВВ/экзосомы, высвобождающися из гепатоцитов, в отличие от экзосом из других клеток печени, имеют повышенный уровень изоформы 2Е1 цитохрома Р450 (CYP 2Е1) и асиалогликопротеинового рецептора 1 [24]. Предполагают, что печень высвобождает CYP-содержащие ВВ для стимулирования метаболизма лекарств в других клетках, которые поглощают эти везикулы.…”

Section: экзосомы и вирус гепатита вunclassified

“…Предполагают, что печень высвобождает CYP-содержащие ВВ для стимулирования метаболизма лекарств в других клетках, которые поглощают эти везикулы. В работе также приводится перечень молекул, обнаруженных в ВВ, которые ассоциированы с развитием патологий печени [24]. Клетки печени могут быть как донорами, так и реципиентами экзосом, что определяет сложные связи между различными клетками печени, которые осуществляются белками, а также мРНК и микроРНК.…”

Section: экзосомы и вирус гепатита вunclassified

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Exosomes in the life cycle of viruses and the pathogenesis of viral infections

Кущ¹,

Ivanov²

2023

Problems of Virology

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Exosomes are extracellular vesicles of endosomal origin, with a bilayer membrane, 30160 nm in diameter. Exosomes are released from cells of different origins and are detected in various body fluids. They contain nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, metabolites and can transfer the contents to recipient cells. Exosome biogenesis involves cellular proteins of the Rab GTPase family and the ESCRT system, which regulate budding, vesicle transport, molecule sorting, membrane fusion, formation of multivesicular bodies and exosome secretion. Exosomes are released from cells infected with viruses and may contain viral DNA and RNA, as well as mRNA, microRNA, other types of RNA, proteins and virions. Exosomes are capable of transferring viral components into uninfected cells of various organs and tissues. This review analyzes the impact of exosomes on the life cycle of widespread viruses that cause serious human diseases: human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1), hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, SARS-CoV-2. Viruses are able to enter cells by endocytosis, use molecular and cellular pathways involving Rab and ESCRT proteins to release exosomes and spread viral infections. It has been shown that exosomes can have multidirectional effects on the pathogenesis of viral infections, suppressing or enhancing the course of diseases. Exosomes can potentially be used in noninvasive diagnostics as biomarkers of the stage of infection, and exosomes loaded with biomolecules and drugs - as therapeutic agents. Genetically modified exosomes are promising candidates for new antiviral vaccines.

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Section: биогенез экзосомunclassified

Section: экзосомы и вирус гепатита вunclassified

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Exosomes in the life cycle of viruses and the pathogenesis of viral infections

Кущ¹,

Ivanov²

2023

Problems of Virology

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“…Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer structures secreted by living cells and are classified into either exosomes, microvesicles (MVs), or apoptotic bodies, based on the intracellular production mechanism and size ( Figure 1 ) [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Immune Responses against Antigen-Specific Presentation

Matsuzaka

Yashiro

2022

Vaccines

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) produced by various immune cells, including B and T cells, macrophages, dendritic cells (DCs), natural killer (NK) cells, and mast cells, mediate intercellular communication and have attracted much attention owing to the novel delivery system of molecules in vivo. DCs are among the most active exosome-secreting cells of the immune system. EVs produced by cancer cells contain cancer antigens; therefore, the development of vaccine therapy that does not require the identification of cancer antigens using cancer-cell-derived EVs may have significant clinical implications. In this review, we summarise the molecular mechanisms underlying EV-based immune responses and their therapeutic effects on tumour vaccination.

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“…Apoptosis, a programmed cell death necessary for billions of cells to maintain homeostasis in the human body, comprises distinct chromatin condensation, cell shrinkage, and plasma blebbing. − Apoptotic vesicles (apoVs) are a heterogeneous nanosized extracellular vesicle (EV) population generated during this process, facilitating intercellular communication as a component of paracrine and participating in varied physiological and pathophysiological events. Recently, apoV-based therapies have been developed for various diseases, including inflammation, cancer, liver diseases, diabetes, atherosclerosis, sepsis, etc. Moreover, emerging evidence has revealed that apoVs could significantly promote tissue regeneration, such as bone, muscle, skin, kidney, etc.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Platelet-Derived Apoptotic Vesicles Promote Bone Regeneration via Golgi Phosphoprotein 2 (GOLPH2)-AKT Signaling Axis

Jiang,

Zhu,

Shao

et al. 2023

ACS Nano

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Apoptotic vesicles (apoVs) are apoptotic-cell-derived nanosized vesicles that take on dominant roles in regulating bone homeostasis. We have demonstrated that mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived apoVs are promising therapeutic agents for bone regeneration. However, clinical translation of MSC-derived apoVs has been hindered due to cell expansion and nuclear substance. As another appealing source for apoV therapy, blood cells could potentially eliminate these limitations. However, whether blood cells can release apoVs during apoptosis is uncertain, and the detailed characteristics and biological properties of respective apoVs are not elucidated. In this study, we showed that platelets (PLTs) could rapidly release abundant apoVs during apoptosis in a short time. To recognize the different protein expressions between PLT-derived apoVs and PLTs, we established their precise protein landscape. Furthermore, we identified six proteins specifically enriched in PLT-derived apoVs, which could be considered as specific biomarkers. More importantly, PLT-derived apoVs promoted osteogenesis of MSCs and rescued bone loss via Golgi phosphoprotein 2 (GOLPH2)-induced AKT phosphorylation, therefore, leading to the emergence of their potential in bone regeneration. In summary, we comprehensively determined characteristics of PLT-derived apoVs and confirmed their roles in bone metabolism through previously unrecognized GOPLH2-dependent AKT signaling, providing more understanding for exploring apoV-based therapy in bone tissue engineering.

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The Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Liver Pathogenesis

Cited by 9 publications

References 96 publications

Exosomes in the life cycle of viruses and the pathogenesis of viral infections

Exosomes in the life cycle of viruses and the pathogenesis of viral infections

Regulation of Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Immune Responses against Antigen-Specific Presentation

Platelet-Derived Apoptotic Vesicles Promote Bone Regeneration via Golgi Phosphoprotein 2 (GOLPH2)-AKT Signaling Axis

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