The role of fire in the carbon dynamics of a mire, eastern Finland

Pitkänen, Aki; Turunen, Jukka; Tolonen, Kimmo

doi:10.1191/095968399674919303

Cited by 78 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Roderfelt et al (1994) have measured carbon accumulation of 64 g C m -2 yr -1 on a mire regeneration site and Tuittila et al (1999) 64.5 g CO 2 -C m -2 yr -1 in early stages of mire regeneration. These rates are quite similar to the recent apparent rate of carbon accumulation (RERCA) in Finnish natural mires, ranging from 40 to 81 g C m -2 yr -1 (Tolonen & Turunen,1996a, Pitkänen et al 1999. The dry mass accumulation of a regrowth layer in a North-American mire ranges from 120 -430 g m -2 yr -1 (Tolonen et al, 1985).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Land-use scenarios for Finnish cut-over peatlands - based on the mineral subsoil characteristics

Picken¹

2006

Bull Geol Soc Finland

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In Finland, peat harvesting sites are exploited down almost to the mineral soil and the properties of mineral subsoil have considerable influence on the suitability for the various afteruse forms. Chemical and physical features of the mineral subsoil must be studied when after-use is planned, to ensure no harmful effects follow. Research on mineral subsoils was carried out on Finnish peat production sites in 1997 -1998 and 9800 hectares of peat production areas slowly getting exhausted were studied. The cutover area clearly suitable for forestation covered 57 % of the study area. The area well suitable for agriculture or energy crop growing covered 26 -42 % of the study -depending if boulder-poor tills were included or excluded. Even larger areas might be possible for agriculture if for example remaining peat layer was used for compensating physical features of the mineral subsoil. Approximately 11 % was recommended for mire regeneration because of sensitive bottom soils, but much larger areas were possible for mire regeneration. In 9 % of all cases fine mineral subsoils were on pool-forming locations and would this way offer sites best suitable for mire regeneration or even bird sanctuaries. Both EC and pH of the mineral subsoils were related to the presence of sulphur. The concentrations of Ca, Mg and K followed the finematerial percentage. Based on this study minimum analysis recommended was for pH, sulphur content and fine material (< 0.06 mm) percentage. Other relevant elements were calcium, magnesium and potassium. Different land-use scenarios were created for areas in after-use, released from peat production and in peat production (2004). These scenarios were based on the mineral subsoil suitability for different after-use forms. In these scenarios the total area annual carbon fixation values varied between 0.096 and 0.152 million t C a -1 , when carbon emissions were not included.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Land-use scenarios for Finnish cut-over peatlands - based on the mineral subsoil characteristics

Picken¹

2006

Bull Geol Soc Finland

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“…Similar to Pitkänen et al (1999), they reported H 2 O, CO, and CO 2 as the principal gases evolved plus m/z = 32 (possibly methanol). Lopez-Capel et al (2006a) heated degraded wheat straw in a TG-DSC system (synthetic air) and recorded evolved gases using MS (temporal resolution 10 s or 3°C) and IRMS (six selected intervals over the whole combustion process each accumulating sample over 50-100 s).…”

Section: Evolved Gas Analysismentioning

confidence: 64%

“…Structural identification of evolved compounds is more conclusive with MS systems but also limited when isomers are formed or released. Pitkänen et al (1999) used TG-FTIR for identification of gaseous reaction products from the combustion (in synthetic air) of coal, peat, and plant tissue. In addition to CO 2 , CO, and H 2 O, they identified trace amounts of several low-molecular organic compounds.…”

Section: Evolved Gas Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of thermal analysis techniques in soil science

2009

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“…Fire occurrence is projected to increase in boreal regions over the next century (Pitk€ anen et al, 1999;Bergeron et al, 2010). Frequent or more severe fire events could lead to a decline in carbon accumulation (Kuhry, 1994;Pitk€ anen et al, 1999;Wieder et al, 2009), though van Bellen et al (2012 did not find a clear correlation between Holocene peatland fire regimes and carbon accumulation in Qu ebec.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Drivers of Holocene peatland carbon accumulation across a climate gradient in northeastern North America

Charman

Amesbury

Hinchliffe

et al. 2015

Quaternary Science Reviews

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a b s t r a c tPeatlands are an important component of the Holocene global carbon (C) cycle and the rate of C sequestration and storage is driven by the balance between net primary productivity and decay. A number of studies now suggest that climate is a key driver of peatland C accumulation at large spatial scales and over long timescales, with warmer conditions associated with higher rates of C accumulation. However, other factors are also likely to play a significant role in determining local carbon accumulation rates and these may modify past, present and future peatland carbon sequestration. Here, we test the importance of climate as a driver of C accumulation, compared with hydrological change, fire, nitrogen content and vegetation type, from records of C accumulation at three sites in northeastern North America, across the NeS climate gradient of raised bog distribution. Radiocarbon age models, bulk density values and %C measurements from each site are used to construct C accumulation histories commencing between 11,200 and 8000 cal. years BP. The relationship between C accumulation and environmental variables (past water table depth, fire, peat forming vegetation and nitrogen content) is assessed with linear and multivariate regression analyses. Differences in long-term rates of carbon accumulation between sites support the contention that a warmer climate with longer growing seasons results in faster rates of long-term carbon accumulation. However, mid-late Holocene accumulation rates show divergent trends, decreasing in the north but rising in the south. We hypothesise that sites close to the moisture threshold for raised bog distribution increased their growth rate in response to a cooler climate with lower evapotranspiration in the late Holocene, but net primary productivity declined over the same period in northern areas causing a decrease in C accumulation. There was no clear relationship between C accumulation and hydrological change, vegetation, nitrogen content or fire, but early successional stages of peatland growth had faster rates of C accumulation even though temperatures were probably lower at the time. We conclude that climate is the most important driver of peatland accumulation rates over millennial timescales, but that successional vegetation change is a significant additional influence. Whilst the majority of northern peatlands are likely to increase C accumulation rates under future warmer climates, those at the southern limit of distribution may show reduced rates. However, early succession peatlands that develop under future warming at the northern limits of peatland distribution are likely to have high rates of C accumulation and will compensate for some of the losses elsewhere.

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The role of fire in the carbon dynamics of a mire, eastern Finland

Cited by 78 publications

References 35 publications

Land-use scenarios for Finnish cut-over peatlands - based on the mineral subsoil characteristics

Land-use scenarios for Finnish cut-over peatlands - based on the mineral subsoil characteristics

Application of thermal analysis techniques in soil science

Drivers of Holocene peatland carbon accumulation across a climate gradient in northeastern North America

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