The role of fluoride on the process of titanium corrosion in oral cavity

Abstract

Titanium is known to possess excellent biocompatibility as a result of corrosion resistance, lack of allergenicity when compared with many other metals. Fluoride is well known as a specific and effective caries prophylactic agent and its systemic application has been recommended widely over recent decades. Nevertheless, high fluoride concentrations impair the corrosion resistance of titanium. The purpose of this article is to summarize the current data regarding the influence of fluoride on titanium corrosion process in the last 5 years. These data demonstrate noxious effects induced by high fluoride concentration as well as low pH in the oral cavity. Therefore, such conditions should be considered when prophylactic actions are administrated in patients containing titanium implants or other dental devices.

Effects of decontamination solutions on the surface of titanium: investigation of surface morphology, composition, and roughness

“…In addition, the fluoride treatments used here had low concentrations and therefore were considered unlikely to cause surface damage as previously reported (Noguti et al. ; Suito et al. ).…”

“…; Noguti et al. ). Further investigation needs to be conducted to conclude whether high concentrations of fluoride cause oxidation or the acidic medium in which the fluoride is suspended is responsible for corrosive effects.…”

“…Previous studies, however, have demonstrated that the material is susceptible to the formation of pits under acidic conditions and/or highly fluoridated mediums when abrasion of the oxide layer occurs (Noguti et al. ; Suito et al. ).…”

Titanium exposure and human health

“…Data demonstrate that noxious effects are induced by high fluoride concentration, as well as low pH in the oral cavity. Therefore, such conditions should be considered when prophylactic actions are administrated in patients containing Ti implants or other dental devices …”

Surface damage of dental implant systems and ions release after exposure to fluoride and hydrogen peroxide

“…However, the gingival barrier is not an effective sealer that can allow damage of surrounding tissues by hydrogen peroxide. Considering those literature data, substances based on hydrogen peroxide and fluorides at high concentrations reveal a negative effect on the corrosion resistance of titanium‐based dental implants and infrastructures . Additionally, the presence of wear debris and ions resultant from degradation process combined with biofilm accumulation can induce peri‐implant inflammation that can decrease the long‐term success of implant‐supported prostheses .…”