The role of glutamine in supporting gut health and neuropsychiatric factors

Deters, Brett; Saleem, Muhammad

doi:10.1016/j.fshw.2021.02.003

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…An increased of L-glutamine in the brain of BChE KO mice in this study is consistent with our previous publication in which BChE inhibition restored the decreased of L-glutamine in Aβ-42-induced astrocytes [30], and the glutamate-glutamine cycle has a pivotal role in the etiology of AD [53]. Studies also have found that the increase of L-glutamine and N-acetyl aspartic acid can reduce the risk of depression [50,54].…”

Section: Inhibition Of Bche Accelerates Fear Extinction and Enhances The Episodic Memorysupporting

confidence: 92%

Enhancement of Fear Extinction Memory and Resistance to Age-Related Cognitive Decline in Butyrylcholinesterase Knockout Mice and (R)-Bambuterol Treated Mice

Liu

Cao

Yang

et al. 2021

Biology

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Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is detected in plaques preferentially in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and may be associated with stress disorders. However, the physiological function of BChE in the central nervous system remains to be further investigated. BChE knockout (KO) mice and wild-type (WT) mice with orally or intranasal administration of (R)-bambuterol were used to explore the effect of BChE on behavior changes. (R)-bambuterol is a specific and reversible inhibitor of BChE. The behavior changes were evaluated and compared among 3–10 month old mice. Our finding showed that BChE KO and (R)-bambuterol administration enhanced episodic memory, including fear conditioning memory and fear extinction memory in fear conditioning and fear extinction test. BChE KO and (R)-bambuterol administered mice rescued age-related spatial memory and general activity in the water maze test and open field test. The brain metabolomics were imaged using a desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging (DESI-MSI). The image of DESI-MS demonstrated that glutamine content increased in the brain of BChE KO mice. In conclusion, this study found that inhibition of BChE ameliorated episodic and spatial memories. This study also suggested that (R)-bambuterol as a BChE inhibitor has the potential application in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and early cognitive decline.

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Section: Inhibition Of Bche Accelerates Fear Extinction and Enhances The Episodic Memorysupporting

confidence: 92%

Enhancement of Fear Extinction Memory and Resistance to Age-Related Cognitive Decline in Butyrylcholinesterase Knockout Mice and (R)-Bambuterol Treated Mice

Liu

Cao

Yang

et al. 2021

Biology

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“…Glutamine is a beneficial amino acid, which is utilized by the intestinal endothelium and plays a pivotal role in gut integrity 54 , 55 . Depleted glutamine levels were observed in inflammatory bowel disease 56 , obesity and adipose inflammation 57 , 58 , and gut-brain axis disorders 59 . Glutamate metabolized by gut microbiota was shown to be associated with human health, including decreased abundance in obesity 60 insulin resistance 61 , and neurological disorders such as autism spectrum disorder 62 , seizures 63 , and Alzheimer’s disease 64 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socioeconomic disparities and household crowding in association with the fecal microbiome of school-age children

Lapidot

Reshef

Maya

et al. 2022

npj Biofilms Microbiomes

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The development of the gut microbiome occurs mainly during the first years of life; however, little is known on the role of environmental and socioeconomic exposures, particularly within the household, in shaping the microbial ecology through childhood. We characterized differences in the gut microbiome of school-age healthy children, in association with socioeconomic disparities and household crowding. Stool samples were analyzed from 176 Israeli Arab children aged six to nine years from three villages of different socioeconomic status (SES). Sociodemographic data were collected through interviews with the mothers. We used 16 S rRNA gene sequencing to characterize the gut microbiome, including an inferred analysis of metabolic pathways. Differential analysis was performed using the analysis of the composition of microbiomes (ANCOM), with adjustment for covariates. An analysis of inferred metagenome functions was performed implementing PICRUSt2. Gut microbiome composition differed across the villages, with the largest difference attributed to socioeconomic disparities, with household crowding index being a significant explanatory variable. Living in a low SES village and high household crowding were associated with increased bacterial richness and compositional differences, including an over-representation of Prevotella copri and depleted Bifidobacterium. Secondary bile acid synthesis, d-glutamine and d-glutamate metabolism and Biotin metabolism were decreased in the lower SES village. In summary, residential SES is a strong determinant of the gut microbiome in healthy school-age children, mediated by household crowding and characterized by increased bacterial richness and substantial taxonomic and metabolic differences. Further research is necessary to explore possible implications of SES-related microbiome differences on children’s health and development.

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“…Glutamine has a certain effect on the nervous system and immune system (62,63). One study found that CNS glutamate regulation and the antidepressant effect maybe influenced by inhibiting glutamate release by peripheral cancer cells (64).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Antidepressant-Like Effects of Albiflorin and Paeoniflorin Through Metabolomics From the Perspective of Cancer-Related Depression

et al. 2022

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Mental health has become a new challenge in cancer treatment, with a high prevalence of depression in patients with cancer. Albiflorin (AF) and paeoniflorinn (PF) are isomers extracted from the root of Paeoniae Radix Alba (Baishao in Chinese), belonging to the monoterpene glycosides, and multiple studies have been conducted on their antidepression and anti-cancer effects. However, the effects of AF and PF on cancer-related depression are unclear. Therefore, the current study aims to investigate whether the two isomers are able to exert antidepressant-like effects and understand the underlying mechanisms in a rat model, established by combining irradiation with chronic restraint stress and solitary confinement. Our results demonstrate a significant regulation of AF and PF in the pharmacodynamic index, including the peripheral blood, organ index, behavioral traits, and HPA axis, relative to control rats. In serum and cerebral cortex metabonomics analysis, AF and PF showed a significantly restorative trend in abnormal biomarkers and regulating ether lipid metabolism, alanine, aspartate, glutamate metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, carnitine metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism pathway. Eight potential biomarkers were further screened by means of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. The data indicate that AF and PF could effectively ameliorate a depression-like state in the model rats, and the mechanism may be associated with the regulation of the neuroendocrine immune system and disrupted metabolic pathways. Further experiments are warranted to comprehensively evaluate the antidepressant effects of AF and PF in cancer-related depression. This study provides a better insight into the action mechanisms of antidepression of TCM, and provides a new perspective for the therapy of cancer-related depression.

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The role of glutamine in supporting gut health and neuropsychiatric factors

Cited by 20 publications

References 24 publications

Enhancement of Fear Extinction Memory and Resistance to Age-Related Cognitive Decline in Butyrylcholinesterase Knockout Mice and (R)-Bambuterol Treated Mice

Enhancement of Fear Extinction Memory and Resistance to Age-Related Cognitive Decline in Butyrylcholinesterase Knockout Mice and (R)-Bambuterol Treated Mice

Socioeconomic disparities and household crowding in association with the fecal microbiome of school-age children

Study of Antidepressant-Like Effects of Albiflorin and Paeoniflorin Through Metabolomics From the Perspective of Cancer-Related Depression

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