The Role of Immunologic Responses in Protection Against Syphilis

Metzger, M

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-387050-6.50032-3

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Lymphocyte function is transiently impaired in the early phase of human syphilis as well as in experimental rabbit syphilis (8,11,12,14,(17)(18)(19)(27)(28)(29). Associated with this depressed lymphocyte responsiveness is the presence of an inhibitory factor in the blood of syphilitic humans (11,12) and rabbits (14,(17)(18)(19)(27)(28)(29). The factor(s) present in blood which is responsible for the lymphocyte hyporeactivity has not been identified.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Suppression of lymphocyte response to concanavalin A by mucopolysaccharide material from Treponema pallidum-infected rabbits

Bey¹,

Johnson²,

Fitzgerald³

1979

Infect Immun

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The testicular fluid and serum from rabbits infected intratesticularly with Treponema pallidum inhibited the mitogenic response of normal rabbit peripheral blood lymphocytes to concanavalin A. Mucopolysaccharide material present in the testicular fluid and serum was associated with the lymphocyte-inhibitory activity. Degradation of the mucopolysaccharide material with hyaluronidase resulted in the loss of the inhibitory activity of testicular fluid and serum of T. pallidu-infected rabbits.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies on experimental syphilis in rabbits have clearly established that the lymphocyte response to mitogens and T. pallidum is depressed during the first 3 to 4 weeks of the infection. In addition, a factor is present in the blood which inhibits the blastogenic response of lymphocytes from infected and uninfected rabbits (14,(17)(18)(19)(27)(28)(29).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Suppression of lymphocyte response to concanavalin A by mucopolysaccharide material from Treponema pallidum-infected rabbits

Bey¹,

Johnson²,

Fitzgerald³

1979

Infect Immun

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“…Even though most HIV-seropositive persons treated with standard regimens for syphilis appear to respond to treatment (63,169), one cannot totally disregard the role of cell-mediated immunity in protecting the person against the progression of syphilis (134) or the interaction of an intact immune system with therapeutic agents (50). Recommendations for diagnosing and treating syphilis among HIV-infected persons have been made by the CDC (20).…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory diagnosis and interpretation of tests for syphilis

1995

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The lack of a method for demonstrating the presence of Treponema pallidum by growth necessitates the use of alternative methods. Traditionally, these methods are divided into direct detection methods (animal inoculation, dark-field microscopy, etc.) and serologic tests for the presence of patient antibody against T. pallidum. Serologic methods are further divided into two classes. One class, the nontreponemal tests, detects antibodies to lipoidal antigens present in either the host or T. pallidum; examples are the Venereal Disease Research Laboratory and rapid plasma reagin and tests. Reactivity in these tests generally indicates host tissue damage that may not be specific for syphilis. Because these tests are easy and inexpensive to perform, they are commonly used for screening, and with proper clinical signs they are suggestive of syphilis. The other class of test, the treponemal tests, uses specific treponemal antigens. Confirmation of infection requires a reactive treponemal test. Examples of the treponemal tests are the microhemagglutination assay for antibodies to T. pallidum and the fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption test. These tests are more expensive and complicated to perform than the nontreponemal tests. On the horizon are a number of direct antigen, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and PCR techniques. Several of these techniques have shown promise in clinical trials for the diagnosis of congenital syphilis and neurosyphilis that are presently difficult to diagnose.

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