The Role of Iron and Cobalt in Gynecological Diseases

Abstract

Iron and cobalt are micronutrients that play an important role in the regulation of cellular processes, being part of the centre of catalases, peroxidases, cytochromes and metalloproteins such as hemoglobin and myoglobin (Fe). Cobalt primarily functions as a component of hydroxycobalamin, which is essential for regulating red blood cell production. Maintaining normal levels of cobalt and iron in the human body is important, as a deficiency can lead to anaemia. These elements are also involved in reactions during which oxidative stress occurs and are therefore considered to be a cause of tumor formation. This paper will discuss aspects of the influence of cobalt and iron on mechanisms that may contribute to the growth of gynecological tumors, as well as other obstetric-gynecological disease entities, by altering the conditions of the microenvironment. In addition, the following review also highlights the role of cobalt and iron in the treatment of gynecological tumors.

A New Advanced and Validated Method for the Determination of Potentially Toxic Metals and Trace and Ultra-Trace Elements in Peritoneal Fluid to Assess the Health Risks of Women with Gynecological Pathologies

“…Although the mean values for cobalt in biological fluids are typically low (0.16 µg L −1 for serum and 0.40 µg L −1 for urine) [ 43 ], our study found that 40% of the PF samples contained cobalt, with a mean value of 2.3 ± 0.3 µg L −1 ( Table 6 ). It should be noted that Fe and Co in excess may promote oxidative stress and cause tumor formation [ 44 ].…”

Assessment of the Impact of Trace Essential Metals on Cancer Development

“…The main purpose of cobalt in the human body revolves around its involvement in cobalamin (Cbl), also known as vitamin B12 [12]. That is why cobalt plays a vital role in the regulation of red blood cell production and why it is crucial to uphold adequate levels of cobalt in the human body, as a deficiency in this element can result in anaemia [47]. It also plays a significant role in the synthesis of amino acids and certain proteins in nerve cells and contributes to the production of neurotransmi ers essential for the proper functioning of the body [46].…”

Effects of dietary minerals deficiency and supplementation on different parts of muscle minerals content in grazing Mongolian sheep

“…Reports suggest that inadequate Cu intake in infants may lead to impaired cardiovascular development and neurodevelopmental abnormalities ( 9 ). Co is an essential component of vitamin B12 in the body, and cobalamin (vitamin B12) regulates the production of red blood cells in the body, so Co deficiency can lead to anemia ( 10 ). Mn is related to a variety of enzymes in organisms that are involved in urea cycle and proteoglycan synthesis in cartilage ( 11 ).…”