“…R&D cooperation relationships have been identified as an important factor in explaining differences in innovation levels, not only between firms but also between regions (Fritsch, 2004). The main focus of the last two decades of coopetition research has primarily investigated these aspects of change, and cooperation among competitors has been studied within many research areas, with or without labeling the relationship as “coopetition” (Bengtsson and Kock, 2014), in many sectors, including ICT (Gueguen, 2009; Gutierrez-Martínez et al , 2015), healthcare (Barretta, 2008; Peng and Bourne, 2009), air transport (Garrette Castañer and Dussauge, 2009), food (Kotzab and Teller, 2003) automotive industry (Gwynne, 2009; Segrestin, 2005); services (Mention, 2011), semiconductor industry (Park et al , 2014), tourism (Della Corte and Aria, 2016), medical and machinery sectors (Bouncken et al , 2017), even while no study has yet simultaneously involved different industries.…”