“…More specifically, Aganin (2017) compare the GARCH, ARFIMA and HAR-RV models and the results show that HAR-RV model has superior performance than GARCH and ARFIMA models; moreover, Vortelinos (2017) compares the forecasting performance of nonlinear models (Principal Components Combining, neural networks and GARCH) and HAR-RV model, the result indicate the simple HAR model is the most accurate for seven US financial markets (spot equity, spot foreign exchange rates, exchange traded funds, equity index futures, US Treasury bonds futures, energy futures, and commodities options). Furthermore, Buncic and Gisler (2017) employ the HAR-RV-type models to investigate the role of jump and leverage effect in forecasting international stock market volatility; moreover, from global international market perspective, Zhang, Ma, and Liao (2020) focus on cross-national volatility flows and also employ the HAR-RV-type models. Given the success of the HAR-RV-type models, we follow abovementioned studies and set HAR-RV model as our benchmark.…”