The role of lianas in temperate tree communities

Ladwig, Laura M.; Meiners, Scott J.

doi:10.1002/9781118392409.ch15

Cited by 19 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 105 publications

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“…Seed dispersal modes are more variable among regions for lianas (Gentry 1991, Gallagher andLeishman 2012). Zoochory characterizes 37% of liana species in Neotropical moist forests (Gentry 1982, Muller-Landau andHardesty 2005); 60% of climbing genera in the Temperate Zone (Ladwig and Meiners 2015); 68% of the 20 most abundant lianas at Korup, Cameroon (dispersal mode was unknown for one species); 70.2% of the liana species at Pasoh (this study); 72% of the liana species of West African forests ; and 74% and 79.2% of the liana species in two central African forests (Ewango 2010, Beaune et al 2013). In the Neotropics, the percentage of species with zoochorous seeds varies with seasonality and soil fertility, but is always substantially greater for trees than for lianas (Gentry 1982(Gentry , 1991.…”

Section: Temporal Change In the Importance Of Lianasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long‐term changes in liana loads and tree dynamics in a Malaysian forest

Wright

Sun

Pickering

et al. 2015

Ecology

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Abstract. The importance of lianas through time and their effect on tree reproduction are evaluated for the first time in a Southeast Asian Dipterocarp forest. We quantified flower and seed production by lianas and trees for 13 years, assessed liana loads in the crowns of all trees larger than 30 cm in diameter at breast height (1.3 m) in 2002 and 2014, and assessed levels of reproduction for the same trees during a strong general flowering event in 2014 for the 50-ha forest dynamics plot at the Pasoh Forest Reserve, Malaysia. General flowering refers to synchronous reproduction by hundreds of plant species at irregular, multiyear intervals and only occurs in Southeast Asian Dipterocarp forests. Overall, lianas were present in 50% of tree crowns and comprised 31% of flower production and 46% of seed production. Lianas reduced growth, survival, and reproduction by their host trees. Lianas were less frequent in canopyemergent trees, Dipterocarps comprised a disproportionately large proportion of canopy emergents, and, as a consequence, lianas were less frequent in Dipterocarps than in trees from other plant families. Lianas infested the crowns of significantly fewer trees in 2014 (47.9%) than in 2002 (52.3%); however, the decrease was restricted to trees with the lightest liana loads and sample sizes and statistical power were enormous. Lianas comprised a stable proportion of flower production and a highly variable proportion of seed production from 2002 through 2013. We conclude lianas have a huge impact on trees in this forest and were a stable component of the forest between 2002 and 2014. The emergent habit and associated ability to avoid lianas might contribute to the success of the Dipterocarpaceae.

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Section: Temporal Change In the Importance Of Lianasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long‐term changes in liana loads and tree dynamics in a Malaysian forest

Wright

Sun

Pickering

et al. 2015

Ecology

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“…). Although it was unclear why lianas were abundant at the present site, forest stands with abundant lianas are often found in temperate regions when viewed at local scales, depending on topography and local forest stand history (Kusumoto, Enoki & Kubota ; Ladwig & Meiners ). We examined four dominant evergreen liana species; Anodendron affine (Hook.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…The BA of lianas (1Á0 m 2 ha À1 ) was more than threefold that recorded in a nearby stand (0Á3 m 2 ha À1 , Buntaro Kusumoto, unpublished data) and was relatively high even when compared with those reported for tropical forests (c. 0Á3-3Á5 m 2 ha À1 , but typically ≤1Á0 m 2 ha À1 , Hegarty & Caball e 1991;Schnitzer et al 2015). Although it was unclear why lianas were abundant at the present site, forest stands with abundant lianas are often found in temperate regions when viewed at local scales, depending on topography and local forest stand history (Kusumoto, Enoki & Kubota 2013;Ladwig & Meiners 2015). We examined four dominant evergreen liana species; Anodendron affine (Hook.…”

Section: S T U D Y S I T E a N D S P E C I E Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of lianas to community‐level canopy transpiration in a warm‐temperate forest

et al. 2017

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Summary Lianas (woody climbers) have a greater amount of leaves relative to basal area or standing biomass than trees, and very wide vessels that permit efficient water transport. These features suggest that lianas possibly consume proportionally more water through transpiration than trees. Despite their potential importance, researchers have made only limited attempts to evaluate effects of lianas on forest water dynamics. We conducted sap flow measurements for 1 year using a thermal dissipation method for four species each of lianas and trees in a liana‐rich, warm‐temperate forest in Japan and estimated the contribution of lianas to stand canopy transpiration. Based on a calibration measuring water uptake rates from cut‐stem ends, the actual sap flux (Fd) in liana stems was several times greater than those estimated from the original calibration provided for the method. In the field, lianas showed an average of 2–4 times greater Fd than trees throughout the year. Except for this difference, diurnal and seasonal patterns of relative changes of Fd were similar in both groups. The whole‐plant transpiration (Qt) of sample plants was exponentially related to basal diameter for both lianas and trees; Qt of lianas increased more steeply with basal diameter than that of trees. By extrapolating the relationships between Qt and basal diameter to the inventory data of the study plot, we estimated that lianas contributed 12·8% to the annual stand canopy transpiration while comprising 2·3% of stand basal area, which probably reflected the top‐heavy architecture of lianas. Our results indicate that the contribution of lianas to forest water dynamics may be several times greater than their contribution to forest basal area. This implies that a slight increase of liana abundance might have greater effects on water dynamics and, through competitions with trees for limited water, the carbon sequestration capacity of forests than expected from the increase in basal area. This study underlines the necessity of evaluating the relative importance of lianas to forest water dynamics in forests world‐wide. A http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1365-2435.12881/suppinfo is available for this article.

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“…The ability to vigorously root sucker after fire in combination with high growth rates (Leicht and Silander, 2006), and impacts on forest succession, structure, and tree mortality (McNab and Meeker, 1987;Silveri et al, 1996;Fike and Niering, 1999) make Oriental bittersweet a formidable threat to fire dependent forests. More research is needed on the comparative sprouting and root-suckering ability of lianas (Ladwig and Meiners, 2015;Leicht-Young and Pavlovic, 2015). Additional studies of the effectiveness of interactive disturbances and management treatments on liana mortality are needed for better integrated pest management of this life form when considered invasive or problematic.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%