The Role of Liver Biopsy in Detection of Hepatic Oxidative Stress

Abstract

The goal of the current paper is to explore the role of liver biopsy as a tool in detection of hepatic oxidative stress, with brief notes on different types of free radicals, antioxidants, hepatic and blood oxidative stress, and lipid peroxidation. Hepatic oxidative stress was investigated for many years in human and animals, but most of the studies performed in animals were concerned with studying oxidative status in the liver tissues after slaughtering or euthanasia. However, in human medicine, a large number of studies were implemented to investigate the status of antioxidants in liver biopsy specimens. Similar studies are required in animals, as the changes in hepatic antioxidants and formation of lipid peroxide give a good idea about the condition of the liver. On the other hand, hepatic disease may present without significant effect on blood oxidative status, and, consequently, the best way to detect the status of hepatic oxidants and antioxidants is through measuring in liver biopsy. Measuring antioxidants status directly in the liver tissues gives an accurate estimation about the condition of the liver, permits the diagnosis of hepatic dysfunction, and helps to determine the degree of deterioration in the hepatic cells.

Liver Abscess in Dromedary Camels (Camelusdromedaries): Oxidative Stress Biomarkers and Proinflammatory Cytokines

“…Various pathogenic effects occur as a result of the degradation of membrane lipids. The interaction of degradation products with various cellular macromolecules and the production of new reactive oxygen species during the course of the chain reaction process [35] may lead to membrane damage, protein damage, enzyme dysfunction and DNA or RNA damage [8]. Moreover the present results are also in concurrence with those obtained by De Jong et al [36] in liver of rat and Czuczejko et al [37] in patients with chronic liver diseases.…”

“…The overall importance of reactive oxygen species to the progression and severity of various disease states varies greatly depending on the conditions and whether the disease is acute or chronic. Free radical researches in animals are in progress and further investigations are needed to establish the involvement of reactive oxygen species in diseases affecting different animal species and the pathology they produce [6][7][8]. Oxidative stress is a process based upon the action of free radicals formed by oxygen or other molecules and fragments [9].…”

Oxidative stress and free radicals in liver and kidney diseases; an updated short-review

“…Antioxidants could also be used for preventing and treating patients with alcoholic liver disease (ALD), nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and other liver diseases (7). During metabolic processes, many highly reactive compounds may produce named free radicals, which could participate in some physiological phenomena like immune response, inflammatory reaction and metabolism of fatty acids (unsaturated) (32). Excess amounts of free radicals may indeed lead to impairment of enzymes, membranes and DNA and further changes in the activity of immune system (29).…”

“…When the generation of free radicals exceeds the ability of system for neutralizing and elimination them, oxidative stress may occur (33). In addition, the balance between antioxidants and free radicals is very important in many diseases (32). Furthermore, free radicals could result in an oxidation condition that may lead to injury in cellular membrane and related metabolic processes (34).…”

Effect of vitamin D supplementation on cold restraint induced oxidative stress in rats

“…Free Free radicals and oxidative stress have been reported to be involved in tissue injury associated with a number of diseases including rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, immunological disorders, cataract, diabetes mellitus, cancer, hepatic diseases, psoriasis, ischemia-reperfusion injury of the heart, brain, pancreas, and others (Abd Ellah, 2011).…”