The role of liver biopsy in evaluating acute allograft dysfunction following liver transplantation: A clinical histologic correlation of 34 liver transplants

Ray, Ramdip; Lewin, Klaus J.; Colonna, John O.; Goldstein, Leonard I.; Busuttil, Ronald W.

doi:10.1016/s0046-8177(88)80268-5

Cited by 42 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…In five tissues, four of which were originating from proven seropositive recipients, a clear colocalisation of infection with inflammatory infiltrates was found. The cellular composition of inflammatory reactions in infected tissue areas included granulocytes, macrophages and lymphocytes, which confirms data from a previous analysis of 34 liver transplant patients [Ray et al, 1988]. As these researchers had suggested, granulocytes and macrophages might also contribute to the control of HCMV infection in addition to the well-defined role of HCMVspecific cytotoxic T lymphocytes [Podlech et al, 1998;Riddell and Greenberg, 2000;Einsele et al, 2002;Bissinger et al, 2002b].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Cytomegalovirus infection after orthotopic liver transplantation is restricted by a pre‐existing antiviral immune response of the recipient

Bissinger¹,

Oettle²,

Jahn³

et al. 2004

Journal of Medical Virology

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Infection of the liver by the human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) frequently occurs after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). However, the role of viral replication and the inflammatory reaction in the development of HCMV-associated liver dysfunction is unclear. To address this question in vivo, 84 liver biopsy specimens from 74 patients who received an orthotopic liver transplant were investigated by immunohistochemical detection of viral antigens and cell type specific marker proteins. The extent of viral replication was correlated with the HCMV antibody status of donor and recipient. HCMV immediate early antigens were found in 25 of 84 liver tissue sections investigated, hepatocytes being the predominant target cells. Bile duct epithelial cells, endothelial cells, mesenchymal cells and sinusoidal lining cells were also found susceptible to HCMV infection. The detection of viral capsid antigens, nuclear inclusions in infected cells and foci of infected cells were suggestive of permissive infection in these cells. In 25 HCMV-positive liver biopsy specimens, the median extent of HCMV infection was 0.33 (0.02-5.67) infected cells/mm(2) liver tissue. Primary infection of liver transplant recipients (D+/R-) was associated with a significantly higher extent of organ involvement as compared to reinfection or reactivation (D+/R+). In contrast, the extent of inflammatory infiltrates in areas of infected liver cells was higher in tissues of patients with pre-existing immunoreactivity (R+) compared to patients without pre-existing immunoreactivity (R-). In conclusion, these results favour the assumption that the immune response to HCMV is effective in restricting viral spread in the liver.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Cytomegalovirus infection after orthotopic liver transplantation is restricted by a pre‐existing antiviral immune response of the recipient

Bissinger¹,

Oettle²,

Jahn³

et al. 2004

Journal of Medical Virology

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“…In ischemia-reperfusion injury, the features of apoptosis and necrosis coexisted, and the term "necroapoptosis" was introduced to emphasize the death processes that began with common signals and stresses. In nercoapoptosis, pure apoptosis and pure necrosis are extremes in a continuous spectrum, and the more typical response is a mixture of features associated with apoptotic and necrotic cell death (17,18). Some repair mechanisms also seem to be dependent on the intracellular ATP content and the degree of hepatocyte glycogenation, whereas insulin is closely related to hepatocyte energy metabolism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insulin in University of Wisconsin Solution Exacerbates the Ischemic Injury and Decreases the Graft Survival Rate in Rat Liver Transplantation

Man

Liu

et al. 2003

Transplantation

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“…The susceptibility of perivenular regions to immune‐mediated injury probably is related to these areas containing potent donor antigen‐presenting cells, which can trigger an alloimmune response 23. Subsequently, several studies have attempted to assess the etiology, clinicopathological features, and natural history of centrilobular changes in the liver allograft 2–15, 24–30. Most studies have investigated centrilobular changes occurring as a component of rejection or as a consequence of other recognized graft complications, but a few have identified centrilobular lesions presenting as an isolated phenomenon 8, 9, 15.…”

Section: Possible Causes Of Perivenular Necrosis In the Liver Allograftmentioning

confidence: 99%

Questionable necessity to remove the submandibular gland in neck dissection

et al. 2011

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Saliva is of major importance in taste, speech, swallowing, and protection against dental caries. Neck dissection surgery and/or radiotherapy may impair the function of the submandibular glands. Over the years, there has been a trend toward more conservative approaches to neck dissection. Metastasis to the submandibular gland itself is extremely rare and if removal of the lymph nodes of sublevel IB is imperative, it seems feasible to preserve the submandibular gland, unless it is involved by direct tumor extension of the primary tumor or the adjacent metastatic lymph nodes. Clinical studies to validate this concept are needed.

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The role of liver biopsy in evaluating acute allograft dysfunction following liver transplantation: A clinical histologic correlation of 34 liver transplants

Cited by 42 publications

References 7 publications

Cytomegalovirus infection after orthotopic liver transplantation is restricted by a pre‐existing antiviral immune response of the recipient

Cytomegalovirus infection after orthotopic liver transplantation is restricted by a pre‐existing antiviral immune response of the recipient

Insulin in University of Wisconsin Solution Exacerbates the Ischemic Injury and Decreases the Graft Survival Rate in Rat Liver Transplantation

Questionable necessity to remove the submandibular gland in neck dissection

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