The role of magnification correction in macular vessel density assessment: a contralateral eye study in anisometropia patients

Fu, Dan; Li, Meiyan; Zeng, Li; Shang, Jianmin; Yu, Zhiqiang; Zhou, Xingtao

doi:10.21037/atm-20-5698

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The magnification correction of AL does affect the measurement of CC FD%, especially in myopic patients, as has been demonstrated in previous studies. [63][64][65][66] In OCTA, the 6 × 6 mm 2 scan area was calculated from the linear distance from the retinal surface, extending at an angular size of approximately 20° × 20°. The default AL was used for OCT measurements.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Choriocapillaris Flow Deficits in Normal Chinese Imaged by Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomographic Angiography

Cheng

Song

Lin

et al. 2022

American Journal of Ophthalmology

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This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Choriocapillaris Flow Deficits in Normal Chinese Imaged by Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomographic Angiography

Cheng

Song

Lin

et al. 2022

American Journal of Ophthalmology

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“…In the bright adaptation experiment, the [23] amplitudes of the a-wave and b-wave positively correlated with the FAZ and negatively correlated with the FVD. Lastly, the OP wave amplitude was positively correlated with the super cial macular blood ow density.…”

Section: Correlation Of Macular Microcirculation Macular Structure and Electrophysiological Function In People With High Myopiamentioning

confidence: 88%

“…However, the results of research into the patterns and mechanisms of FAZ area changes in high myopia are inconclusive [6] . During the process of high myopic axial lengthening, the eyeballs do not uniformly expand to maintain the spherical shape [22]; the difference in the length of the high myopia axis leads to different degrees of optical magni cation, and current OCTA equipment does not provide correction methods [23]. This may affect the accuracy of the FAZ area of highly myopic eyes, resulting in discrepancies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Angio Optical Coherence Tomography and Flash Electroretinogram in the Study of Retinal Morphology and Function in High Myopia

Cao

Luo²,

Ouyang³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Purpose: Using optical coherence tomography (OCTA) and flash electroretinography (F-ERG), we investigated changes to the retinal micromorphology and the overall function of the retina in eyes with different degrees of high myopia. Design: Case-control study. Participants: A total of 64 cases of 118 eyes with axial high myopia with diopters ranging from -−6.0 D to −15.0D were included in the study. The individuals were 18-40 years old.Methods: Subjects were divided into three groups according to the axial length (AL) of the eye and the spherical equivalent (SE)of the lens: the high myopia group (AL: ≤26 mm and SE: −6.0D to −9.0D) with 32 eyes, the ultra-high myopia group (AL: 26-28 mm and SE: -9.25D to -12.0D) with 43 eyes, and the extremely high myopia group (AL: ≥28 mm and SE: −12.25D to −15.0D) with 43 eyes. We used the OCTA measurements macular foveal retinal thickness (MRT), foveal avascular zone (FAZ), and superficial macular and deep retinal microvascular density, and the F-ERG measurements retinal dark-adaptation a-wave and b-wave, oscillation potential (OP) wave, light adaptation a-wave and b-wave, and 30-Hz flicker light amplitudes, which represent the functional state of the retina.Results: The differences in retinal thickness in the macular area between the three groups were only statistically significant within 1 mm of the fovea (P = 0.006). MRT was positively correlated with AL (r = 0.278, P = 0.002) and negatively correlated with SE (R = −0.200, P = 0.031). The difference in the FAZ area between the three groups was also statistically significant (P = 0.036), and FAZ was negatively correlated with AL (r = −0.377, p < 0.001) and positively correlated with SE (r = 0.192, P < 0.5). Both the superficial and deep blood flow density of the macular fovea were positively correlated with AL (p < 0.001). The superficial parafoveal blood flow density was negatively correlated with AL (r = −0.280, P = 0.002) but positively correlated with SE (R = 0.254, P = 0.006). The overall blood flow density of the deep retina, the parafoveal blood flow density, and the blood flow density around the fovea were negatively correlated with AL (p < 0.001) and positively correlated with myopic SE (p < 0.001). The dark-adaptation b-wave, maximum comprehensive response a-wave and b-wave, OP wave, bright-adaptation a-wave and b-wave, and 30-Hz flicker amplitudes of the retina were negatively correlated with AL and positively correlated with SE. The amplitudes of light adaptation a-wave and b-wave were[1] negatively correlated with the foveal avascular density (p < 0.001), and the average amplitude of the OP wave was positively correlated with the superficial retinal avascular density (p < 0.001).Conclusions: Before obvious pathological changes or central vision damage, the morphology and function of the macular area show subtle changes in patients with high myopia. As the degree of myopia increases and the axis of the eye increases, the activity of the cone cells in high myopia eyes decreases and the microvascular circulation in the inner retina and function of inner layer cells, such as non-proa cells, are affected. The changes of retinal dark adaptation are more sensitive than those of bright adaptation, which indicates that retinal rod cell damage may be earlier than cone cell damage in high myopia. Therefore, we believe that the combined use of OCTA and F-ERG can help in the early diagnosis and monitoring of patients at a high risk of myopia and to guide their clinical treatment.Because the p-value is clearly provided, the term “significantly” is not necessary (removed to reduce wordiness).

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“…A previous study has shown that SVD and DVD in the macular area decreased with the stretching of AL ( Yang et al, 2020 ). Furthermore, differences in image magnification due to different ALs will affect vascular density ( Sampson et al, 2017 ; Fu et al, 2021 ). The scanning range of the SS-OCT/OCTA we applied can correct the difference in fundus magnification due to the different Als, to reduce the intervention of AL on the results of this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Macular Structural and Microcirculatory Characteristics of Posterior Staphyloma in High Myopic Eyes by Swept Source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

Wang

Liu

et al. 2022

Front. Physiol.

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Purpose: To investigate the characteristics of macular structures and microcirculation of posterior staphyloma (PS) and explored factors related to PS in eyes with high myopia.Methods: There were 114 eyes of 82 patients in this study. Using 1:1 matching of the axial length of myopic eyes, patients were divided into no PS (NPS) and PS groups. Comprehensive ophthalmic examinations were performed on all patients. Structural parameters were acquired using swept source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT). OCT angiography (OCTA) was used to measure the microcirculation parameters. Generalized estimated equation and linear correlation analysis were used for the statistical analysis.Results: Patients with PS had a thinner retinal thickness (RT) and choroid thickness (CT) (all p < 0.05) in the measurement areas and a significantly lower subfoveal scleral thickness (SFST) (p < 0.001) than those without PS. Retinal deep vascular complex density (DVD) (all p < 0.05) and choriocapillaris perfusion area (CCPA) (all p < 0.001) were significantly lower in the measurement areas of the PS group than in those of the NPS group. There was no significant difference in the retinal superficial vascular density between the two groups. Generalized estimating equation indicated that SFST (B = 0.079, p = 0.001), parafoveal RT (B = −0.162, p = 0.041), foveal CT (B = 0.292, p = 0.013), parafoveal CT (B = −0.157, p = 0.023), foveal CCPA (B = 0.691, p = 0.003) and parafoveal CCPA (B = −0.026, p = 0.004) were significantly correlated with PS. Age (r = −0.323, p = 0.001), spherical equivalent refraction (SER) (r = 0.289, p = 0.004), subfoveal CT (r = 0.398, p < 0.001), foveal DVD (r = 0.346, p < 0.001), foveal CT (r = 0.429, p < 0.001), and foveal CCPA (r = 0.387, p < 0.001) were strongly correlated with SFST.Conclusions: The macular structures and microcirculation in the PS group were different from those in the NPS group. SFST, CT, and CCPA were significantly correlated with PS. Lower SFST in PS was correlated with abnormalities of CT and microcirculation.

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The role of magnification correction in macular vessel density assessment: a contralateral eye study in anisometropia patients

Cited by 9 publications

References 36 publications

Choriocapillaris Flow Deficits in Normal Chinese Imaged by Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomographic Angiography

Choriocapillaris Flow Deficits in Normal Chinese Imaged by Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomographic Angiography

Application of Angio Optical Coherence Tomography and Flash Electroretinogram in the Study of Retinal Morphology and Function in High Myopia

Investigation of Macular Structural and Microcirculatory Characteristics of Posterior Staphyloma in High Myopic Eyes by Swept Source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

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